Right ventricular outflow tract tumour: an unsuspected intracardiac ectopic thyroid mass

Abstract

Ectopic thyroid is a rare embryogenic anomaly that occurs during its migration from foramen caecum to its pretracheal position. An intracardiac ectopic location is even rarer and found most commonly in the right ventricular outflow tract in sporadic reports. While surgery in symptomatic patients seems appropriate, resection of non-neoplastic ectopic tissue remains a clinical equipoise. Its occurrence is often unsuspected by clinicians, but its possibility should be considered due to its typical location in the right ventricular outflow tract. Unlike true neoplastic intracardiac tumour which mandates surgical resection, both surgical and non-surgical approach may be considered for an intracardiac ectopic thyroid mass.

Struma cordis in young male—a rare entity with excellent prognosis

“…Medical treatment by suppressive hormonal therapy using levothyroxine or radioiodine ablation reduces the size of the thyroid mass in non-cardiac ectopic thyroid [1] but its role in intracardiac ectopic thyroid is unknown (struma cordis). [2] Although few deaths have been reported due to cardiac arrest with recurrent ventricular tachycardia and severe RVOT obstruction with large intraectopic thyroid masses, [2] our case was detected early and is in good health till writing of the manuscript.…”

“…According to the available literature, ectopic thyroid in the heart most commonly involves the right side of the heart in the region of the interventricular septum, but usually it is located 1-2 cm below the tricuspid valve. [1,2], [6][7][8] This is another feature that makes the present case unique. Contrary to commonly reported locations, we found ectopic thyroid tissue in the RVOT region, involving the septal leaflet of the tricuspid valve in addition to the interventricular septum.…”

“…[1] Struma cordis is one of the rare entities, and to the best of our knowledge, only 40 cases have been reported in world literature from 73 years. [2] It is fascinating as clinically it may be confused with neoplastic mass, causing right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) obstruction. Medical treatment by suppressive hormonal therapy using levothyroxine or radioiodine ablation reduces the size of the thyroid mass in non-cardiac ectopic thyroid [1] but its role in intracardiac ectopic thyroid is unknown (struma cordis).…”

Ectopic thyroid mass in the right ventricle: A case report

“…Peng analyzed 36 cases of intracardiac ectopic thyroid. The average age of morbidity was approximately 55 years, 83.3% of cases occurred in women, and nearly half of all patients reported experiencing dyspnea.…”

Extremely Rare Case of an Ectopic Thyroid Tissue Located in the RVOT

“…The most common location in the heart is the right side of the ventricular septum and the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) [1]. Extirpation of the tumor can be performed under total cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP).…”