Right ventricular substrate mapping using the Ensite Navx system: Accuracy of high-density voltage map obtained by automatic point acquisition during geometry reconstruction

Visualization of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia Slow Pathways Using Voltage Mapping for Pediatric Catheter Ablation

“…Because anatomic variability, atypical SP locations, and multiple SPs can complicate ablation procedures, visualization of the SP could increase safety as well as enhance success. Voltage mapping is a technique that allows for visualization of voltage gradients in relation to anatomic locations and has been previously validated . Based on a report by Bailin et al .…”

“…Voltage mapping is a technique that allows for visualization of voltage gradients in relation to anatomic locations and has been previously validated. 8 Based on a report by Bailin et al 9 that described use of voltage mapping for AVNRT ablations with a St. Jude NavX 3D mapping system (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA), the use of this technique was begun at our institution. This technique involves the simultaneous collection of anatomic points and atrial electrograms.…”

Catheter-Based Intramyocardial Delivery (NavX) of Adenovirus Achieves Safe and Accurate Gene Transfer in Pigs

“…The guiding NavX system utilizes a 5.68 kHz constant low-current locator signal and sensor-tipped catheters to locate the catheter position in space [11], [12]. Three-dimensional (3D) electromechanical maps of the left ventricle (LV) can be used to help differentiate between healthy and infarcted myocardium and identify most ischemic target regions without using fluoroscopy [13], [14].…”

2019 APHRS expert consensus statement on three‐dimensional mapping systems for tachycardia developed in collaboration with HRS, EHRA, and LAHRS

“…Aside from magnetic localization technology, the use of impedance‐based electrofield localization (NavX, St. Jude Medical) provides advantages that include the ability to compensate for patient motion and localization of any diagnostic catheter connected to the system. Validation of multielectrode catheter delineation of ventricular substrate was first demonstrated using the EnSite NavX system in the human right ventricle by Casella et al (2009) in the left ventricle with combined epicardial‐endocardial mapping a porcine infarct model with a linear duodecapolar catheter (Livewire, 2‐2‐2) by Tung et al (2011) . These studies demonstrated significantly higher density delineation of low‐voltage scar in one‐third of the mapping of single‐point mapping technique, with comparable accuracy (Figure 8‐1).…”