Right-wing authoritarianism, political affiliation, religiosity, and their relation to psychological androgyny

Gender, gendered personality traits and radical right populist voting

“…Overall, these findings contribute to the existing literature which underlines the relevance of (gendered) personality traits for political attitudes and party preference (e.g. Hatemi et al, 2012;Hershey and Sullivan, 1977;McDermott, 2016;Rubinstein, 1995).…”

“…Since women and men are known to differ in the extent to which they hold masculine and feminine personality traits, gendered personality traits are also expected to have a mediating effect and, thus, explain part of the known gender gap in RRP voting. In addition, and in line with some of the previous research on gendered personality traits and voting behaviour (Hatemi et al, 2012; Hershey and Sullivan, 1977; Rubinstein, 1995), I will suggest a moderating effect of gendered personality traits. In particular, I will suggest that the effect of the gendered personality traits is stronger when women and men behave ‘typically’ or ‘normatively’ for their own gender.…”

Gender, Sexuality, and the Authoritarian Personality

“…Based upon other data in their study, Lippa and Arad concluded that authoritarian men are defensive about gender roles, denying femininity but not necessarily expressing masculinity. By contrast, in a sample of Israeli students, Rubinstein (1995), using a shortened version of Bem's (1974) Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), found that cross-typed (masculine) women scored lower on authoritarianism than the sex-typed (feminine) women and the undifferentiated women. There were no significant differences in authoritarianism for men depending upon BSRI classification.…”

Hofstede, Inglehart and Beyond. New Directions in Empirical Global Value Research

“…Our concept of the "authoritarian character" takes some elements from the classical sociological work by Adorno et al (1950), which defined the "authoritarian personality" as having high average scores on the following variables. 17 Scholarly interest in the F-scale has been enormous ever since the main English language publication Adorno et al, 1950, among the most influential studies being Fahrenberg and Steiner, 2004;Flere, 1991;Meloen, Van Der Linden, and De Witte, 1996;Ray, 1985;Ray, and Lovejoy, 1990;Rubinstein, 1995, Rusby, 2010 Today, some elements, based on the World Values Survey, are completely different from the original Adorno "F-scale", which was intended by its authors to be a measurement scale to assess the potentials of authoritarianism in modern society after the horrors of Nazism and Fascism in Europe: Table 2.10 explains the factor loadings for our own scale of authoritarianism, achieved by promax rotation. We define the authoritarian character by the following five factor loadings equal or above the absolute value of .30: Adorno and associates expected a strong tendency of their scale -reflecting conventionalism, authoritarian submission, authoritarian aggression, antiintellectualism, anti-intraception, superstition and stereotypedness, power and "toughness", destructiveness and cynicism, projectivity, and exaggerated concerns over sex -to be encountered among the political right (hence also the name "F-scale" for the "F" in the word "fascism"), while there is hardly any empirical connection today between our version of the World Values Surveybased authoritarianism scale and the conventional right-left political spectrum.…”