Rigid Urethane Foams Based on Sorbitol Derivatives

Wilson, Joseph E.; Fowler, R.

doi:10.1126/science.128.3335.1343

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Another approach was to apply biomass via the hydroxyalkylation reaction. Different types of biomass such as sorbitol (Wilson and Fowler 1958), sucrose (Wismer et al 1963), methyl glucoside (Hostettler et al 1963), and lignin (Wu and Glasser 1984;Allan 1969) have been studied and polyols with desirable hydroxyl values and viscosities have been obtained by this method. These polyols have been used as the starting materials for the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams with great functionalities (Ferrigno 1967).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted liquefaction of wood with polyhydric alcohols and its application in preparation of polyurethane (PU) foams

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microwave radiation was used as the heating source in southern pine wood liquefaction with PEG/ glycerin binary solvent. It was found that microwave heating was more efficient than conventional oil bath heating for wood liquefaction. The wood residue content of the H 2 SO 4 catalyzed liquefied wood dropped to zero within 5 min with microwave heating. The resulting liquefied wood polyols have suitable hydroxyl values for the preparation of rigid PU foams. Both the compressive strength and apparent modulus of the liquefied-wood-based PU foams increased as the isocyanate index increased from 80 to 120. The foams from H 3 PO 4 catalyzed polyols had lower densities than those from H 2 SO 4 and the petroleum-based controls. They also showed lower strength and modulus than those from H 2 SO 4 . Liquefied-wood-based PU foams generally have lower compressive strength and apparent modulus than the petroleumbased controls. However, they showed better restorability from deformation than the petroleum-based controls. Zusammenfassung Mittels Mikrowellenstrahlung als Wär-mequelle wurde Southern Pine Holz mit PEG/Glycerin als binärem Lösungsmittelsystem verflüssigt. Es zeigt sich, dass Holz mittels Mikrowellenerhitzung effizienter verflüssigt werden kann als mittels konventioneller Erhitzung im Ölbad. Der Restholzanteil des mit Katalysator H 2 SO 4 verflüssigten Holzes fiel nach fünfminütiger Mikrowellenbeheizung auf Null. Die Hydroxylzahlen der so verflüssigten Holzpolyole sind für die Herstellung von PUHartschaumstoff geeignet. Sowohl die Druckfestigkeit als auch die Steifigkeit der PU-Schaumstoffe aus verflüssigtem Holz nahmen mit steigendem Isocyanatindex von 80 auf 120 zu. Die Schaumstoffe der mit Katalysator H 3 PO 4 erzeugten Polyole wiesen geringere Dichten auf als diejenigen mit Katalysator H 2 SO 4 und als Schaumstoffe auf Mineralölbasis. Die Festigkeit und der E-Modul waren ebenfall geringer. PU-Schaumstoffe auf Basis von verflüssigtem Holz wiesen generell eine niedrigere Druckfestigkeit und eine niedrigere Steifigkeit auf als die Kontrollproben auf Mineralölbasis. Allerdings zeigten sie ein besseres Rückverformungsverhal-ten als die Kontrollproben auf Mineralölbasis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microwave-assisted liquefaction of wood with polyhydric alcohols and its application in preparation of polyurethane (PU) foams

2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Biomass as natural polymer contains more than one hydroxyl group in the molecular chains, and can be used as polyol for preparing polyurethane materials. By the hydroxyalkylation reaction, polyols with desirable hydroxyl values and viscosities have been prepared from many hydroxyl-containing biomass substances such as sorbitol [1], sucrose [2], methyl glucoside [3], lignins [4,5], and so forth. These polyols have become important ingredients for rigid polyurethane foams because of the great functionalities of the starting materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Liquefaction of Wood in Polyhydric Alcohols Under Microwave Heating and its Liquefied Products for Preparation of Rigid Polyurethane Foam

Wang¹

2011

TOMSJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Comparing to the conventional bath heating, the effects of liquefaction parameters on the degree of liquefaction of wood in polyhydric alcohols by using microwave as an energy source were evaluated. Polyurethane foams were successfully prepared from the liquefied biomass-based polyols. The effects of heating methods (conventional bath heating and microwave) and liquefaction reaction time on the properties of liquefied biomass-based polyols were investigated. The influences of isocyanate index on the properties of rigid polyurethane foams were also discussed, and feasible formulations for preparing liquefied biomass-based polyurethane foams were proposed. The results indicated that rapid liquefaction of wood in polyhydric alcohols under microwave heating could be achieved. The foams prepared from liquefied biomass-based polyols obtained by microwave-assistant liquefaction exhibited excellent mechanical properties.

show abstract

“…Due to the presence of high petroleum-based derivatives, flammability is a major issue and on the other hand, the increasing rise in oil prices attract interest toward natural renewable resources. The agriculture and forestry industry waste such as vegetable oils, [17][18][19][20][21][22][23] lignin, [24][25][26][27] orange peel, [3] cornstalks, [28] starch, [29][30][31] sugar cane bagasse, [32,33] cellulose, [34][35][36] sorbitol, [37] Figure 1. Global polyurethane foam market: x-axis, production in tons; y-axis, year.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/ejlt201900225mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The agriculture and forestry industry waste such as vegetable oils, [8,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] wheat straw, [41] pinewood, [44] cellulose, [34] orange peel, [3] cornstalks, [28] starch, [29][30][31] sugar cane bagasse, [32,33] cellulose, and sorbitol. [35][36][37]…”

Section: Plant Oil Based Polyurethane Foammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the presence of high petroleum‐based derivatives, flammability is a major issue and on the other hand, the increasing rise in oil prices attract interest toward natural renewable resources. The agriculture and forestry industry waste such as vegetable oils, lignin, orange peel, cornstalks, starch, sugar cane bagasse, cellulose, sorbitol, bark, wheat straw, pinewood, and coffee ground waste have been used as a source for preparing polyol for synthesizing high performance PUF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recent Advancement in Plant Oil Derived Polyol‐Based Polyurethane Foam for Future Perspective: A Review

Singh

Samal

Mohanty

et al. 2019

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyurethane foams (PUFs) are widely used materials because of their wide range of applications, particularly, thermal and sound insulation, mattresses, furniture, construction, cushioning, packaging, transportation of goods, etc. Recently, commercial PUF products fabricated from plant oil (PO)‐based polyols have gained increasing popularity, because of their low cost and eco‐friendly nature in comparison to petroleum‐based PUF. To date, insufficient reviews have been reported in the area of modification of plant oils for synthesizing polyol for foam synthesis. Due to abundant availability, low‐cost, and renewable nature of plant oils, they are being used as precursors for modern polyurethane industry use. There is a need for versatile and economical methods for conversion of plant oils such as castor oil (CO) and soybean oil (SO) into useful polyols for industry use. This review is an overview of the most recent advanced methods for the conversion of plant oils into polyol and further utilization of it for commercial PUF products. Since the last decade, many researchers have shown that plant‐polyol‐derived PUF can compete with conventional PUF. Practical Applications: Practical applications of the PO‐based polyurethane foams include thermal insulation, sound insulation, packaging, and waste water treatment.

show abstract

Rigid Urethane Foams Based on Sorbitol Derivatives

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Microwave-assisted liquefaction of wood with polyhydric alcohols and its application in preparation of polyurethane (PU) foams

Microwave-assisted liquefaction of wood with polyhydric alcohols and its application in preparation of polyurethane (PU) foams

Rapid Liquefaction of Wood in Polyhydric Alcohols Under Microwave Heating and its Liquefied Products for Preparation of Rigid Polyurethane Foam

Recent Advancement in Plant Oil Derived Polyol‐Based Polyurethane Foam for Future Perspective: A Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About