Rigorous Derivation of Imbalance Difference Theory for Modeling Radiated Emission Problems

Niu, Li; Hubing, T.H.

doi:10.1109/temc.2015.2422678

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is worth mentioning that although originally introduced to predict DM-CM quantities in a three-wire system, it also offers the possibility to predict the antenna-mode current 2 , in two-wire systems without ground [95].…”

Section: B Modelling Of Mode Conversion In Transmission Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Mode Conversion and Modal Analysis in Electromagnetic Compatibility

Illiano,

Wu,

Grassi

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Undesired conversion between common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) noise often occurs in modern electronic and electrical systems, posing challenges in terms of Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC). Modal analysis represents a crucial tool in EMC investigation and provides insight into the mechanism underlying mode conversion. By inspecting CM and DM behaviors and their interconversion, it allows for understanding of conducted emission propagation mechanisms, drives electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter design towards optimal/tailored solutions, and enables the possibility to identify the main contributors to the radiated emission phenomenon. This paper offers a comprehensive review of mathematical methodologies and modelling strategies for EMC-oriented modal analysis, with particular emphasis on mode conversion phenomena. To this end, modal decomposition techniques and standard parameters for quantifying mode conversion are summarized and compared. Additionally, the paper provides an overview and in-depth discussion of different scenarios and test cases in which mode conversion occurs, with the final goal to achieve a systematic comprehension of its root causes and consequences within power and communication systems. Eventually, a survey of circuit modelling approaches for mode conversion is presented, offering insights into addressing this phenomenon effectively.

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Section: B Modelling Of Mode Conversion In Transmission Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Mode Conversion and Modal Analysis in Electromagnetic Compatibility

Illiano,

Wu,

Grassi

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…In this model, the discontinuities in the structure are directly reflected in the discontinuities in the traveling wave. Notably, the total pul charge/current (cQ n , I n ) corresponds to the antenna mode [2], [3], which also comprises the traveling wave corresponding to the Sommerfeld mode in the infinite length line. (cQ re,n , I re,n ) denotes the radiation reaction, simply called the reaction, which is induced by the E-field owing to the discontinuities of the traveling wave.…”

Section: A Single-conductor Tl Equation In the Local Coordinatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…further generating electromagnetic (EM) emissions; conversely, from the perspective of immunity, the external EM field first induces the antenna mode, which in turn is converted into internal propagation modes. These processes are both mediated via the antenna mode; hence, understanding its dynamics is a fundamental pursuit [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Conductor Transmission-Line Model for Bent Wire Structures

Tashiro

Sameshima

Hisakado

et al. 2023

IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat.

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A bend in a single-conductor line is a primary cause of radiation associated with the antenna mode; conversely, the radiation is fed back, resulting in attenuation and distortion of the current waveform. Despite being a fundamental phenomenon, its dynamics have not been sufficiently characterized. Therefore, this study presents a single-conductor transmission-line model for bent wire structures comprising multiple straight elements by using the local variables of charge per-unit-length and current along a thin conductor. The proposed model is validated over a wide frequency range using the method of moments. The total charge and current distributions that an external field induces on a bent structure are classified into three components: the scattering source distribution, traveling wave corresponding to the Sommerfeld mode, and radiation reaction. These components suggest an overall field-line coupling process: initially, an external electromagnetic field induces a scattering current in the structure, which in turn drives traveling and radiation-reaction currents at the ends, resulting in propagation along the line accompanied by radiation losses. The presented model is advantageous for designing electromagnetic phenomena corresponding to antennas and metamaterials and for addressing electromagnetic interference problems using passive circuit elements. A case study that makes use of the precise and descriptive model is included to predict the field emissions associated with the antenna mode around a bend.

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“…The CM radiated emission can be predicted by the common-mode antenna (CMA) model based on the theory of imbalance difference. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The imbalance difference theory was first introduced to calculate the CM radiated emission from a printed circuit board (PCB) with a microstrip line excited by a line driver module. [1] According to the imbalance difference theory, the CMA model includes CM excitation sources, expressing the mode conversion from the DM to the CM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] According to the imbalance difference theory, the CMA model includes CM excitation sources, expressing the mode conversion from the DM to the CM. The CMA model was applied to PCBs having a transmission line whose cross-sectional geometry changes, [2][3][4] PCBs with attached cables, [5][6][7] and a pair of PCBs connected with a board-to-board connector. [8] As exciting the CMA model by each CM excitation source, engineers can decide which excitation source is dominant in the CM radiated emission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common-Mode Radiated Emission Analysis of Cable-Connected Printed Boards with Adjacent Metal Chassis by Imbalance Difference Model

Iokibe

Nomura

Takatsu

et al. 2023

Transactions of The Japan Institute of Electronics Packaging

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The common-mode antenna (CMA) model and the equivalent differential-mode (DM) circuit are based on the imbalance difference theory. The theory describes the mode conversion between the common mode (CM) and differential mode (DM) by focusing on the imbalance difference. The CMA model has been proven to provide excellent estimations of CM radiated emission. In this work, the CMA model is combined with the equivalent DM circuit to extend the CMA model to practical applications that include the mode conversion in both DM to CM and CM to DM directions and radiation loss. The combined model is applied to cable-connected printed circuit boards (PCBs) with an adjacent metal chassis that imitates a signal transmission system placed close to the metal chassis. The combined model calculated the CM radiated emission using a field-and-circuit co-simulator, considering the mode conversion in both directions and the radiation loss.Simulation results confirmed that the combined model precisely estimated the CM radiated emission by being separated from the DM radiated emission. The combined model also provided physical insights into EMC design that will enable the CM radiated emission to be efficiently reduced.

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Rigorous Derivation of Imbalance Difference Theory for Modeling Radiated Emission Problems

Cited by 15 publications

References 19 publications

Review of Mode Conversion and Modal Analysis in Electromagnetic Compatibility

Review of Mode Conversion and Modal Analysis in Electromagnetic Compatibility

Single-Conductor Transmission-Line Model for Bent Wire Structures

Common-Mode Radiated Emission Analysis of Cable-Connected Printed Boards with Adjacent Metal Chassis by Imbalance Difference Model

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