Ring distribution patterns—diversification or speciation? Comparative phylogeography of two small mammals in the mountains surrounding the Sichuan Basin

Wang, Yanqun; Feijó, Anderson; Cheng, Jilong; Xia, Lin; Wen, Zhixin; Ge, Deyan; Sun, Jian; Lu, Liang; Song, Li; Yang, Qisen

doi:10.1111/mec.15913

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 113 publications

(206 reference statements)

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“…Genomic introgression likely contributes to the high genetic and morphological diversity of species endemic to Hengduan Mountains region, which acted not only as “cradle” and “museum” for species diversity but also as a “hybridisation zone” facilitating the admixture of genetically distinct populations during historical climatic and geological events (Macholán, 2013; Wang et al, 2021). These hybridisation zones are “natural laboratories” for biologists to study the formation and maintenance of species differences (Buggs, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…for species diversity but also as a "hybridisation zone" facilitating the admixture of genetically distinct populations during historical climatic and geological events (Macholán, 2013;Wang et al, 2021). These hybridisation zones are "natural laboratories" for biologists to study the formation and maintenance of species differences (Buggs, 2007).…”

Section: "Extended Ghost Introgression" In the Evolutionary History O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ancient introgression underlying the unusual mito‐nuclear discordance and coat phenotypic variation in the Moupin pika

Feijó

Wen

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim The mechanisms by which global biodiversity hotspots harbour and conserve high genetic and morphological diversity of endemic species remain unexplored. Relic species of ochotonids in the genus Ochotona are confined to alpine habitats and highly sensitive to environmental changes. We studied the genomic and ecological mechanisms underlying the divergence and adaptive evolution of the Moupin pika (O. thibetana) and its closely related species to infer its diversification, adaptive evolution and demographic history in response to historical and recent environmental changes. Location Hengduan Mountain Region, China. Methods We integrated morphological, genomic and ecological data to interpret the phylogeographic structure, adaptive evolution, demographic history and range shift of O. thibetana. Phylogenetic reconstruction was based on Cytochrome b (CYTB), the mitochondrial genome and single‐copy orthologues of the whole genome. Gene flow among extant lineages, as well as from extinct species, was inferred by multiple algorithms. Demographic history was inferred using the pairwise sequential Markovian coalescent and high‐resolution analysis of linkage disequilibrium. We also predicted the range shift of this species by using ecological niche modelling. Results Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed an unusual mitochondrial lineage of O. thibetana from the western Sichuan Basin, which was named O. qionglaiensis in previous studies. Extensive gene flow was detected among genetic lineages of O. thibetana, which has distinct phenotypic variation in hair thickness and colouration, as well as notable morphological differentiation in external and craniodental measurements. Multiple members of the keratin gene family were identified as introgressed loci from some ancient species to O. thibetana. The Moupin pika underwent dramatic population shrinkage in the late Quaternary, with a clear trend of population growth in approximately the last 70 generations. The potential distribution range of O. thibetana showed a clear trend of expansion in the future. Main conclusions The unusual mitochondrial phylogenetic pattern of O. thibetana resulted from “extended ghost introgression,” a new evolutionary model proposed in the present study, and thus rejected the validity of O. qionglaiensis as an independent species. Ancient introgression of keratin genes likely underlies the prominent coat phenotypic variation among genetic lineages. Clear population growth and range expansion of the Moupin pika in recent generations probably benefitted from recent global warming and vegetation recovery, which not only contributed to the conservation of large mammals but was also beneficial to small mammals endemic to alpine habitats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: "Extended Ghost Introgression" In the Evolutionary History O...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ancient introgression underlying the unusual mito‐nuclear discordance and coat phenotypic variation in the Moupin pika

Feijó

Wen

et al. 2022

Diversity and Distributions

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“…The process of population isolation and differentiation, the core of micro-evolution, is one of the crucial steps for deciphering speciation, which has long fascinated evolutionary biologists ( Rice and Hostert, 1993 ; Wang et al, 2021 ). The Earth’s complex topographical history often generates opportunities for population isolation and differentiation ( Yan et al, 2010 ; Hou et al, 2014 ; Wang et al, 2021 ), especially for montane species. Mountain-building is often associated with tectonic forces, promoting population divergence through vicariance ( Hoorn et al, 2010 ; Smith et al, 2014 ; Simões et al, 2016 ; Schramm et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleistocene climate and geomorphology drive the evolution and phylogeographic pattern of Triplophysa robusta (Kessler, 1876)

Zhong

Sun²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

Front. Genet.

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Montane systems provide excellent opportunities to study the rapid radiation influenced by geological and climatic processes. We assessed the role of Pleistocene climatic oscillations and mountain building on the evolution history of Triplophysa robusta, a cold-adapted species restricted to high elevations in China. We found seven differentiated sublineages of T. robusta, which were established during the Mid Pleistocene 0.87–0.61 Mya. The species distribution modeling (SDM) showed an expansion of T. robusta during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and a considerable retraction during the Last Interglacial (LIG). The deep divergence between Clade I distributed in Qinling Mountains and Clade II in Northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) was mainly the result of a vicariance event caused by the rapid uplifting of Qinling Mountains during the Early Pleistocene. While the middling to high level of historical gene flow among different sublineages could be attributed to the dispersal events connected to the repetition of the glacial period during the Pleistocene. Our findings suggested that frequent range expansions and regressions due to Pleistocene glaciers likely have been crucial for driving the phylogeographic pattern of T. robusta. Finally, we urge a burning question in future conservation projection on the vulnerable cold-adapted species endemic to high elevations, as they would be negatively impacted by the recent rapid climate warming.

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that the Sichuan Basin and the surrounding forests functioned as refugia during glacial periods in China (Song et al, 2018 ). These areas are distributed in the eastern Himalayas and have long been considered a global biodiversity hotspot harboring many organisms (Wang et al, 2021 ). It could be inferred that during the LGM period, the mainland populations of Sclomina , except S. guangxiensis , were possibly distributed around the refugia and survived extinction until the glacial period ended.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climatic oscillation promoted diversification of spinous assassin bugs during Pleistocene glaciation

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2023

Evolutionary Applications

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Ring distribution patterns—diversification or speciation? Comparative phylogeography of two small mammals in the mountains surrounding the Sichuan Basin

Cited by 13 publications

References 113 publications

Ancient introgression underlying the unusual mito‐nuclear discordance and coat phenotypic variation in the Moupin pika

Ancient introgression underlying the unusual mito‐nuclear discordance and coat phenotypic variation in the Moupin pika

Pleistocene climate and geomorphology drive the evolution and phylogeographic pattern of Triplophysa robusta (Kessler, 1876)

Climatic oscillation promoted diversification of spinous assassin bugs during Pleistocene glaciation

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