Ring opening at N1–C2 bond of azetidin-2-ones by a molybdenum hydroxo-carbonyl complex: evidence from a computational study

Abstract

Computations on the reaction of azetidin-2-one, N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one, and 3-formylamine-N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one with [Mo(OH)(eta3-C3H5)(CO)2(N2C2H4)] were performed at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p) (LANL2DZ for Mo augmented by f polarization functions with exponents 1.043) taking into account solvent effects by means of the PCM-UAHF model. According to our calculations, the rate-determining energy barrier for the azetidin-2-one case, 38.0 kcal mol(-1), becomes 28.8 and 26.1 kcal mol(-1) for the N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one and 3-formylamine-N-sulfonate azetidin-2-one ones, respectively. The presence of the sulfonate group is crucial to cleave the beta-lactam N1-C2 bond by the Mo complex thanks to the interaction of the sulfonate group with the hydroxyl and bidentate ligands of the complex. This could be of interest for the synthesis of beta-amino acids and their derivatives from beta-lactams in mild conditions and low polarity solvents promoted by organometallic complexes.

Detection of the iron complexes with hydrolysis products of cephalexin and cefradine upon high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis

“…Hydrolysis of the β‐lactam ring may be also promoted by metal cations . Because of the importance of the process of hydrolysis of the β‐lactam ring this process has been also theoretically studied in detail …”