Ring-opening polymerization of ethylene carbonate: comprehensive structural elucidation by 1D &amp; 2D-NMR techniques, and selectivity analysis

Abdul‐Karim, Rubina; Hameed, Abdul; Malik, Muhammad Imran

doi:10.1039/c7ra01113j

Cited by 28 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…With this mobile phase composition, PEEC with molar masses ranging from 500 to 5000 g/mol eluted at the same elution volume independent of their molar mass. Although, polymer of ethylene carbonate is composed of ether linkages along with targeted carbonate linkages, the comprehensive NMR analysis showed that the polymer is not random but statistical copolymer . The successful establishment of critical conditions of the polymer endorse the NMR results.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…PEEC homopolymers were synthesized according to the procedure described in our recent publication . For synthesis of di‐ and tri‐block copolymers polyethylene glycol monomethyl ethers (MeO‐PEO) and polyethylene glycols (PEG) of varying molar masses are used as macro‐initiator, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ROP of EC is associated with formation of carbon dioxide during polymerization that results in ether linkages in the polymer chains alongside targeted carbonate linkages . Cationic ROP is less prone to expulsion of carbon dioxide compared to anionic ROP of EC . In one of our recent study, we reported on comprehensive structural elucidation of the polymer synthesized by ROP of ethylene carbonate in presence of sodium stannate trihydrate as transesterification catalyst .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[19][20][21] Cationic ROP is less prone to expulsion of carbon dioxide compared to anionic ROP of EC. 19,20,22,23 In one of our recent study, we reported on comprehensive structural elucidation of the polymer synthesized by ROP of ethylene carbonate in presence of sodium stannate trihydrate as transesterification catalyst. 19 It has been shown that the ratio of carbonate to ether linkages is slightly less than one (less than 50% carbonates linkages).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable Di‐ and Tri‐Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene Carbonate Polymer as Hydrophobic Segment

Abdul‐Karim

Musharraf

Malik

2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Synthesis of novel amphiphilic biodegradable block copolymers based on ethylene carbonate is reported in this study. Polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether (MeO‐PEO) and polyethylene glycol (PEG) of varying molar masses are used as macro‐initiator for ring‐opening polymerization of ethylene carbonate in the presence of sodium stannate trihydrate as a heterogeneous transesterification catalyst. Earlier elution of block copolymer from macro‐initiator in size exclusion chromatography (SEC) indicated the successful synthesis of the block copolymers. Ratios of both types of blocks are varied systematically. Liquid chromatography at critical conditions is used for the analysis of the non‐critical individual blocks, and if there are any critical segments that are not attached to the non‐critical block. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the synthesis of ethylene carbonate‐based amphiphilic block copolymers. Chromatographic critical conditions of the ethylene carbonate polymer are also reported for the first time. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1887–1893

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable Di‐ and Tri‐Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene Carbonate Polymer as Hydrophobic Segment

Abdul‐Karim

Musharraf

Malik

2017

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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Polymers Based on Cyclic Carbonates as Trait d'Union Between Polymer Chemistry and Sustainable CO₂ Utilization

et al. 2019

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Given the large amount of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, it is advantageous to use CO2 as feedstock for the fabrication of everyday products, such as fuels and materials. An attractive way to use CO2 in the synthesis of polymers is by the formation of five‐membered cyclic organic carbonate monomers (5CCs). The sustainability of this synthetic approach is increased by using scaffolds prepared from renewable resources. Indeed, recent years have seen the rise of various types of carbonate syntheses and applications. 5CC monomers are often polymerized with diamines to yield polyhydroxyurethanes (PHU). Foams are developed from this type of polymers; moreover, the additional hydroxyl groups in PHU, absent in classical polyurethanes, lead to coatings with excellent adhesive properties. Furthermore, carbonate groups in polymers offer the possibility of post‐functionalization, such as curing reactions under mild conditions. Finally, the polarity of carbonate groups is remarkably high, so polymers with carbonates side‐chains can be used as polymer electrolytes in batteries or as conductive membranes. The target of this Review is to highlight the multiple opportunities offered by polymers prepared from and/or containing 5CCs. Firstly, the preparation of several classes of 5CCs is discussed with special focus on the sustainability of the synthetic routes. Thereafter, specific classes of polymers are discussed for which the use and/or presence of carbonate moieties is crucial to impart the targeted properties (foams, adhesives, polymers for energy applications, and other functional materials).

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New insights into transreaction mechanism between poly (ethylene terephthalate) and bisphenol A polycarbonate in melt

Mikhaylov,

Filatova,

Kulichikhin

2024

Polymer International

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In the present study, the macromolecular chain composition of copolymers prepared by the reactive blending of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC) in the presence of Ti(OBu)4 catalyst was tested using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The NMR spectra were meticulously analyzed across all regions, revealing unexpected results that provide new insights into the transreaction mechanism occurring between these two polymers in the melt phase. It was found that only two primary reactions occurred: the formation of a bisphenol A terephthalate bond accompanied by the release of ethylene carbonate and the formation of an aliphatic–aromatic ether bond with the release of CO2. The release of ethylene carbonate during the PET‐PC blending led to a loss of ethylene glycol (EG). The kinetics of EG loss and ether bond formation were examined. A new transreaction mechanism for PET‐PC reactive blending is proposed. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Ring-opening polymerization of ethylene carbonate: comprehensive structural elucidation by 1D & 2D-NMR techniques, and selectivity analysis

Abstract: Meticulous structural elucidation and selectivity analysis of poly(ethylene ether carbonate) by multi-dimensional NMR.

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable Di‐ and Tri‐Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene Carbonate Polymer as Hydrophobic Segment

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable Di‐ and Tri‐Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene Carbonate Polymer as Hydrophobic Segment

Polymers Based on Cyclic Carbonates as Trait d'Union Between Polymer Chemistry and Sustainable CO₂ Utilization

New insights into transreaction mechanism between poly (ethylene terephthalate) and bisphenol A polycarbonate in melt

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Ring-opening polymerization of ethylene carbonate: comprehensive structural elucidation by 1D & 2D-NMR techniques, and selectivity analysis

Abstract: Meticulous structural elucidation and selectivity analysis of poly(ethylene ether carbonate) by multi-dimensional NMR.

Cited by 28 publications

References 45 publications

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable Di‐ and Tri‐Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene Carbonate Polymer as Hydrophobic Segment

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Biodegradable Di‐ and Tri‐Block Copolymers Based on Ethylene Carbonate Polymer as Hydrophobic Segment

Polymers Based on Cyclic Carbonates as Trait d'Union Between Polymer Chemistry and Sustainable CO2 Utilization

New insights into transreaction mechanism between poly (ethylene terephthalate) and bisphenol A polycarbonate in melt

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Polymers Based on Cyclic Carbonates as Trait d'Union Between Polymer Chemistry and Sustainable CO₂ Utilization