Riparian plant diversity in relation to artisanal mining sites in Cikidang River, Banten, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Takarina ND, Sinaga IL, Kultsum TR. 2021. Riparian plant diversity in relation to artisanal mining sites in Cikidang River, Banten, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 401-407. Artisanal mining usually occurs in gold mining activities near the river banks and consequently, this will affect the downstream ecosystem include riparian habitat and its plant diversity. Here, this study aimed to assess the effects of artisanal mining sites on the riparian plant diversity in Cikidang River, Lebak District, Banten Province, Indonesia. The study was conducted by placing 10 sampling stations along 4 km of Cikidang River with width of 20 m. Riparian plant species were collected and identified from 10 m x 10 m sampling plots in each station. Plant diversity was assessed using Shannon-Wiener, Simpson, Margalef, and Pielou indices. There were in total 18 families and 42 plant species have been identified. Compositae and Poaceae were plant families that common here. Ageratum conyzoides was the most common species followed by Impatiens platypetala, Cibadium surinamense, Wollastonia biflora, Calliandra calothyrsus, and Pityrogramma calomelanos. Shannon-Wiener diversity index was in the range of 1.040-1.561. There was a positive correlation between riparian diversity with the distance to mining sites with decreasing diversity trends toward artisanal mining sites. Riparian habitats located far (> 1 km) from the mining sites have more species. While species observed in riparian habitats near (0.3-1 km) the mining sites were accounted only for 26.1% of total species found. To conclude, the presence of artisanal mining sites can affect the nearby riparian plant diversity.

Diversity and potential of herbaceous plants as mercury (Hg) hyperaccumulators in small-scale gold mining sites in Pancurendang, Banyumas, Indonesia

“…Therefore, small-scale gold mining activities can reduce the diversity of riparian plants in the vicinity. Takarina et al (2021) confirmed that areas near gold mining only contributed 26.1% of the 42 riparian species on the Cikidang River in Lebak (Banten, Indonesia). In Pancurendang, Banyumas, Indonesia several species of herbaceous plants were found nearby gold tailing deposits at location number 6: I. aquatica, L. perennis, C. esculenta, D. longiflora, M. vaginalis, and L. flava, which were categorized as resistant to the heavy metals found in the tailings.…”

“…Chamba et al (2017) stated that Erato polymnioides from this family, which is associated with mycorrhizae, is a potential Hg hyperaccumulator plant. Grasses, which make up Poacea (Aitken et al 2014), are known to survive in unfavorable soil conditions, be resistant and adaptable to heavy metals, and have deep roots (Khodijah et al 2019;Takarina et al 2021).…”

Plant diversity, structure and composition of vegetation around Barumun Watershed, North Sumatra, Indonesia

“…A high riparian tree diversity may be associated with high oxygen levels in rivers and streams, which serve as clean water resources (ecosystem service) for human and livestock (Luke et al 2018). However, due to some concerning anthropogenic activities, the diversity of riparian vegetation is being threatened as documented in previous studies in human-altered sites (Izzati and Hasibuan 2019;Takarina et al 2021). Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) was documented as the highest IVI for tree stage in Barumun River.…”

Quality of riparian habitat and its influence on water quality in some ecosystems of waterfalls and springs in Bawean Island

“…Low riparian diversity was also correlated with nutrient inputs from the surrounding lands. The richness of riparian communities and environmental variability may be explained by high levels of eutrophication [16]. The total riparian vegetation cover, cover structure, cover quality, and channel changes make up the QBR index, which is based on these four aspects of riparian habitat.…”