Riqueza de formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) da Bacia da Sanga Caramuru, município de Chapecó-SC

Abstract

ResumoO presente estudo objetivou conhecer a riqueza da mirmecofauna associada à microbacia da Sanga Caramuru, no município de Chapecó, que representa um dos principais afluentes da barragem do Lajeado São José. As coletas ocorreram de junho de 2006 a maio de 2007. Realizaram-se coletas quinzenais, totalizando 21 coletas. Foram utilizadas armadilhas do tipo pit-fall. A análise dos dados foi realizada através do programa estatístico EstimateS (Colwell). Obtiveram-se 676 registros de espécies nas armadilhas. Foram identificadas 51 espécies distribuídas em 18 gêneros distribuídos em sete subfamílias. A riqueza estimada através do estimador Chao 2 foi de 61,6 espécies para a área de mata nativa, 42,3 espécies para a área de banhado e de 39,8 espécies para a área com eucalipto. O índice de diversidade de Shannon-Wiener obtido foi o mesmo (3,2) para os ambientes amostrados. A maior riqueza e diversidade estimadas para a área de mata nativa coincidem com a maior riqueza também observada neste local. Embora os impactos da antropização sejam facilmente constatados na área estudada, os pequenos fragmentos de áreas com vegetação presentes neste local oferecem os recursos para a manutenção de uma significativa mirmecofauna. Unitermos: Chao 2, Eucaliptus grandis, mirmecofauna, pit-fall, reflorestamento AbstractRichness of ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Sanga Caramuru basin, Chapecó, SC. The present study aimed to elucidate the richness of ant fauna associated with the micro basin of Sanga Caramuru in the town of Chapecó that represents one of the principal tributaries of the São José dam. A total of 21 biweekly collections were made from June 2006 until May 2007, using Pit-fall traps. Analyzes of the data were carried out by the EstimateS statistics program (Colwell). A total of 676 registers of species were obtained through the traps. The richness obtained was 51 species distributed in 18 genera grouped in seven subfamilies. The richness estimated through the estimator Chao 2 was 61.6 species for the area of native forest, 42.3 species for the area of marsh, and 39.8 species for the area with eucalyptus. The Shannon and Wiener index obtained was 3.2 for the three sampled areas. The greater diversity estimated for the area with native forest coincided with the greater diversity also observed. Although the human impacts are easily evidenced in the studied area, the small fragments of areas with vegetation offer adequate resources for the maintenance of significant ant fauna.

Ant assemblages (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) associated to environments of a rural property in the extreme western region of the state of Santa Catarina

“…Holdefer et al (2017) attributed to these conventional agricultural practices the 50% decrease in the ant richness, a pattern that agrees with our results. Formicidae is a diverse taxon that may indicate the occurrence of other organisms in the environment (GUÉNARD et al, 2012;BISHOP et al, 2015), and thus the occurrence of ant species in agro ecosystems under conventional management may also indicate the tolerance ability that some ant species show (ILHA et al, 2009;CARVAL et al, 2016).…”

“…The knowledge about the richness and abundance of ant assemblages in a given ecosystem can support con-RBCIAMB | n.47 | mar 2018 | 12-23 servation plans (ILHA et al, 2009;LAWES et al, 2017).…”

“…The ants present characteristics such as the easy sampling, high abundance, broad geographic distribution, importance in the functioning of the ecosystems, and well-known ecology and taxonomy (AGOSTI et al, 2000;ROCHA et al, 2015). Ants have been used in the evaluation of pesticide contamination, in habitat disturbances, in the evaluation of the impact of deforestation (ILHA et al, 2009), in the urbanization process impact (LUTINSKI et al, 2013a), in the monitoring of mining areas (ROCHA et al, 2015) and energy production . Studies focusing on the diagnosis and conservation of the ant fauna on rural properties in the south of Brazil are rare (HOLDEFER et al, 2017).…”

Ant fauna associated with areas under the direct impact of small hydropower plants in the state of Paraná, Brazil

“…For Jamison et al (2016), ants are biodiversity indicators, as they are easy to collect, reach a wide range of herbivore hosts and indicate the conditions of plant communities. Ants are recognized as biological indicators, a tool to assess environmental conditions and monitoring degraded areas and the regeneration of forest areas (ILHA et al, 2009;ARENAS et al, 2015). These insects fulfill this role because they have a wide geographical distribution, are locally abundant, functionally important at all trophic levels and susceptible to ecological changes (HÖLLDOBLER; WILSON, 1990).…”

Richness and structure of ant assemblies (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Atlantic forest in southern Brazil

“…They are reliable indicators of ecological change (Andersen and Majer 2004) and conservation status (Majer 1983, Andersen 1997, King et al 1998, Silva and Brandão 1999, Alonso 2000, Ilha et al 2009). They have potential to serve as bioindicators due to intimate associations with plant flora, providing estimation of the degree of environmental preservation (Lutinski et al 2014(Lutinski et al , 2016 and habitat structural complexity (Fowler et al 1991, Perfecto and Vandermeer 2002, Armbrecht et al 2004.…”