Rising Inpatient Encounters and Economic Burden for Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the USA

Nguyen, Alexander; Park, Haesuk; Nguyen, Pauline; Sheen, Edward; Kim, Yoona A.; Nguyen, Mindie H.

doi:10.1007/s10620-018-5326-7

Cited by 31 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In the United States (US), the prevalence of NAFLD has risen from 18% in 1988–1991 to 31% in 2011–2012 . NAFLD increasingly contributes to hospital admissions, liver transplant wait list and an annual direct cost of $103 billion/year .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic influence on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence and lack of disease awareness in the United States, 2011–2016

Yeo

Cheung

et al. 2020

J Intern Med

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Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rising global disease associated with clinical and economic burdens. Objectives We aimed to quantify NAFLD prevalence and awareness to provide stakeholders necessary information to combat NAFLD burden. Methods This study utilizes data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2016 and included 4538 adult participants who did not have heavy drinking or viral hepatitis history. The US fatty liver index defined NAFLD and NAFLD fibrosis score defined fibrosis. NAFLD awareness was captured by questionnaire. Results Amongst the study population of 4538 persons, NAFLD prevalence was 32.5%, lowest in non‐Hispanic Blacks (18.0%) and Asians (18.1%), highest amongst Mexican Americans (48.4%). Within the NAFLD group, advanced fibrosis was highest in non‐Hispanic Blacks (28.5%) and lowest amongst non‐Hispanic Asians (2.7%). Of the 1473 (97.5%) NAFLD participants who answered NAFLD awareness question, 90% visited a healthcare centre at least once in the past year, but only 5.1% were aware of having NAFLD. On weighted population estimates, 77.33 million persons had NAFLD, 17.63 million had advanced fibrosis, and 73.39 million NAFLD participants were not aware of having NAFLD. Conclusions Of 77.33 million people in the United States have NAFLD with 17.63 million having advanced fibrosis, with lowest prevalence in non‐Hispanic Asians and highest in Mexican Americans. A conundrum exists amongst non‐Hispanic Blacks who have low NAFLD prevalence but highest prevalence of advanced fibrosis. Awareness of NAFLD was low across all ethnicities. Effort is needed to improve disease awareness whilst addressing NAFLD clinical burden across ethnicities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethnic influence on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence and lack of disease awareness in the United States, 2011–2016

Yeo

Cheung

et al. 2020

J Intern Med

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“…Liver disease affects millions of people worldwide with many going without cure due to shortages of donors. Depending on the source of information, about 80-100 millions of Americans suffer from the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [104]. In the UK alone liver disease is known to affect more than 2 million people [105].…”

Section: Decellularized Ecm As Bioinkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioinks for 3D Printing: Inspiring a new Kind of Medicine

Dzobo¹,

Motaung²,

Adesida³

2019

Preprint

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The promise of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering is founded on the ability to regenerate diseased or damaged tissues and organs into functional tissues and organs or the creation of new tissues and organs altogether. In theory, all damaged and diseased tissues and organs can be regenerated or created using different configurations and combinations of extracellular matrix, cells and inductive biomolecules. Currently, regenerative medicine and tissue engineering can allow the improvement of patients’ quality of life through availing novel treatment options. Tissues and organs have a specific ECM, with specific proteins and factors released by cells residing within the local microenvironment. The coupling of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering field with 3D printing is revolutionizing the treatment of patients in a huge way. 3D bioprinting allows the proper placement of cells and ECMs, allowing the recapitulation of native microenvironments of tissues and organs. 3D bioprinting utilizes different bioinks made up of different formulations of ECM/biomaterials, biomolecules and even cells. The choice of the bioink used during 3D bioprinting is very important as properties such as printability, compatibility and physical strength influence the final construct printed. The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides both physical and mechanical microenvironment needed by cells to survive and proliferate. Decellularized ECM bioink contains biochemical cues from the original native ECM and also the right proportions of ECM proteins. Different techniques and characterization methods are used to derive bioinks from several tissues and organs and to evaluate their quality. This review discusses the uses of decellularized ECM bioinks and argues that they represent the most biomimetic bioinks available. In addition, we briefly discuss some polymer-based bioinks utilized in 3D bioprinting.

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“…More studies are needed to elucidate putative pathways in humans and to identify those at risk of non-cirrhotic HCC and who may need screening. Although not specifically discussed in this report [12], non-HCC malignancy is the second most common cause of death among those with NAFLD [4,5]. The specific association between NAFLD and colorectal cancer has been the subject of several studies, but the majority of the studies were cross-sectional, and as such, no causal relationship could be assessed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…of Digestive Disease and Sciences, Nguyen and colleagues used the California Patient Discharge Database to quantify inpatient NAFLD encounters over a 7-year period [12]. Of clinical significance, the authors reported an increase in the number of cases of HCC and found that renal disease was associated with increased mortality among those hospitalized for a liver-related indication (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of clinical significance, the authors reported an increase in the number of cases of HCC and found that renal disease was associated with increased mortality among those hospitalized for a liver-related indication (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.5). Nguyen and colleagues observed that despite the increase in the number of NAFLD-associated HCCs, the number of patients transplanted for HCC has decreased [12], explained in part by the delayed presentation of HCC since individuals without cirrhosis are not routinely screened for HCC. Furthermore, those with NAFLD are also likely to harbor multiple metabolic risk factors and complications that may preclude them for undergoing liver transplantation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coming Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Time to GNASH Your Teeth

Dismuke‐Greer

Syn

2018

Dig Dis Sci

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Rising Inpatient Encounters and Economic Burden for Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in the USA

Cited by 31 publications

References 19 publications

Ethnic influence on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence and lack of disease awareness in the United States, 2011–2016

Ethnic influence on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease prevalence and lack of disease awareness in the United States, 2011–2016

Trends in Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Bioinks for 3D Printing: Inspiring a new Kind of Medicine

Coming Complications of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Time to GNASH Your Teeth

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