Rising regionalization: Will the post-COVID-19 world see a retreat from globalization

Back-shoring vs near-shoring: a comparative exploratory study in the footwear industry

“…Finally, back- and near-shoring have attracted further attention by scholars and policy makers after the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic since they were recognized as two of the four alternative trajectories of international production (UNCTAD 2020 ). More specifically, the two strategies refer to the scenario of GVCs’ (Global Value Chains) reconfiguration – which implies the concentration of activities in either one or a few countries belonging to the same region (Enderwick and Buckley 2020 ; Gereffi 2020 ; Strange 2020 ); while diversification and replication belong to that of GVCs’ resiliency – where the production activities remain fragmented across countries and regions. Independently of the scenario, scholars recognize industrial policy will have a critical role in the post-pandemic era (Betti and Hong 2020 ; De Meyer 2020 ; Gereffi 2020 ).…”

A systems approach to navigating food security during COVID-19: Gaps, opportunities, and policy supports

“…The pandemic has brought some of these political issues to the fore: the right to food; arguments for wealth redistribution, basic income, and holding corporations accountable for their negative externalities, among others (James et al, 2021). Simultaneously, the pandemic has ignited debates over the prospect of 'peak globalization' (Enderwick & Buckley, 2020) and what a necessarily more regional or localized politics may look like (Quilley, 2012). Yet, the question remains: what modes or types of production, distribution, consumption, and waste management could have purview in a more 'self-sufficient', post COVID-19 food system?…”

How Will the COVID-19 Pandemic Affect the Regions? A Comparative Analysis of the EU and ASEAN

“…Production and distribution may be more manageable and robust. This renewed interest for proximity and nearness may be pushing the world towards more regionalisation (Enderwick & Buckley, 2020), which is perceived as an alternative to the excess of globalisation. One can observe the premises of this growing regionalisation in maritime transport, which forwards 80 percent of international trade, where there has been a recent increase of traffic at the regional level (Pooler & Hale, 2020).…”

“…the region and the local economy. Proximity is preferred to distance because it seems to correspond better to a need for security (Enderwick & Buckley, 2020).…”