Risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Rastad, Hadith; Karim, Hossein; Ejtahed, Hanieh‐Sadat; Tajbakhsh, Ramin; Noorisepehr, Mohammad; Babaei, Mehrdad; Azimzadeh, Mehdi; Soleimani, Alireza; Inanloo, Seyed Hassan; Hassani, Neda Shafiabadi; Rasanezhad, Fariba; Shahrestanaki, Ehsan; Khodaparast, Zeinab; Golami, Hossein; Qorbani, Mostafa

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-27357/v1

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, myalgia (99%), cough (69.65%), dyspnea (61.69%), and sore throat (53.73%) were the most common symptoms in COVID‐19 patients in this study. Another study in Iran performed by Rastad et al 31 showed that the most common symptoms at the time of admission were cough and shortness of breath, while myalgia was identified as the most prevalent symptom at the time of admission according to our findings.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

The association between the level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D, obesity, and underlying diseases with the risk of developing COVID‐19 infection: A case–control study of hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran

Abdollahi

Sarvestani

Rafat

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objectives The outbreak of COVID‐19 has created a global public health crisis. Little is known about the predisposing factors of this infection. The aim of this study was to explore an association between the serum vitamin D level, obesity, and underlying health conditions, as well as the vulnerability to COVID‐19 in the Iranian population. Methods We conducted a case–control study of 201 patients with coronavirus infection and 201 controls. Cases and controls were matched for age and gender. The study was carried out for 2 months (February 2020–April 2020) at Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran, Iran. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D was measured using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Information containing age, gender, clinical symptoms, body mass index, computed tomography scan findings, and underlying health conditions related to each participant were elicited from health records. Results A significant negative correlation (p = .02) was observed between the serum vitamin D level and developing coronavirus infection. Also, the results showed that the COVID‐19 cases were more likely to be overweight than the controls (p = .023). Diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and respiratory infections were found in 20.89%, 9.65%, and 6.96% of cases, respectively. These underlying health conditions were not significantly different between cases and controls (p = .81). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency and obesity are two main predisposing factors associated with the vulnerability to coronavirus infection in the Iranian population.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

The association between the level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D, obesity, and underlying diseases with the risk of developing COVID‐19 infection: A case–control study of hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran

Abdollahi

Sarvestani

Rafat

et al. 2020

Journal of Medical Virology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After the full text of the articles was read, 119 were excluded due to irrelevance to the current meta-analysis scope, and/or were case reports, reviews, previous meta-analyses, and other disease or lack of the relevant data. Finally, a total of ten publication including 11,755 infected cases with 942 deaths were selected [14,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. The study characteristics of included studies in the present meta-analysis are described in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proportion and mortality of Iranian diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

Mirjalili

Dastgheib

Shaker

et al. 2021

J Diabetes Metab Disord

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Currently, the number of patients with SARS-COV-2 infection has increased rapidly in Iran, but the risk and mortality of SARS-COV-2 infection in Iranian patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), chronic kidney disease (CKD), hypertension and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) still not clear. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the proportion and mortality of SARS-COV-2 in these patients. Methods A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Sciences, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI, SciELO, and other databases to identify all relevant studies published up to 10 January, 2020. The proportion and mortality in the patients were assessed by odd ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI). Results A total of ten case-series including 11,755 cases with SARS-COV-2 infection and 942 deaths were selected. Among them, there were total of 791 DM patients with 186 deaths, 225 CKD patients with 45 deaths, 790 hypertension cases with 86 deaths, and 471 CVDs cases with 60 deaths. Pooled data revealed that the proportion of SARS-COV-2 infection in the patients with hypertension, DM, CVDs and CKD were 21.1 %, 16.3 %, 14.0 % and 5.0 %, respectively. Moreover, the SARS-COV-2 infection were associated with an increased risk of mortality in DM (OR = 0.549, CI 95 % 0.448-0.671, p ≤ 0.001) and CKD (OR = 0.552, 95 % CI 0.367-0.829, p = 0.004) patients, but not hypertension and CVDs. There was no publication bias. Conclusions Our pooled data showed that the proportion of SARS-COV-2 infection was the highest in the Iranian patients with hypertension (21.1 %) followed by DM (16.3 %), CVDs (14.0 %) and CKD (5.0 %). Moreover, DM and CKD in patients with SARS-COV-2 infection were associated with a 0.549 and 0.552-fold increase in mortality, respectively. Clinicians in Iran should be aware of these findings, to identifying patients at higher risk and inform interventions to reduce the risk of death. Moreover, well-designed, large-scale and multicenter studies are needed to improve and validate our findings.

show abstract

“…In Iran, Rastad et al . found diabetes alone or in association with other comorbidities was associated with increased risk of death [OR 1.69 (1.05–2.74) and 1.62 (95% CI 1.14–2.30) respectively] 107 . In a cohort of 28 diabetic patients, half required ICU admission 108 .…”

Section: Overweight Obesity and Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could nutrition modulate COVID-19 susceptibility and severity of disease? A systematic review

James

Ali

Armitage

et al. 2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Many nutrients have powerful immunomodulatory actions with the potential to alter susceptibility to COVID-19 infection, progression to symptoms, likelihood of severe disease and survival. The pandemic has fostered many nutrition-related theories, sometimes backed by a biased interpretation of evidence. Objectives: To provide a systematic review of the latest evidence on how malnutrition across all its forms (under- and over-nutrition and micronutrient status) may influence both susceptibility to, and progression and severity of, COVID-19. Methods: We synthesised information on 13 nutrition-related components and their potential interactions with COVID-19: overweight, obesity and diabetes; protein-energy malnutrition; anaemia; vitamins A, C, D, and E; poly-unsaturated fatty acids; iron; selenium; zinc; anti-oxidants, and nutritional support. For each section we provide: a) a landscape review of pertinent material; b) a systematic search of the literature in PubMed and EMBASE databases, including a systematic search of a wide range of pre-print servers; and c) a screen of six clinical trial registries. Two reviewers were assigned per section for data extraction. All original research was considered, without restriction to study design, and included if it covered: 1) SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV or SARS-CoV viruses and 2) disease susceptibility or 3) disease progression, and 4) the nutritional component of interest. Searches took place between 16th May and 11th August, 2020. PROSPERO registration CRD42020186194. Results: Across the 13 searches, a total of 2732 articles from PubMed and EMBASE, 4164 articles from the pre-print servers, and 433 trials were returned. A total of 288 published articles and 278 pre-print articles were taken to full text screening. In the final narrative synthesis, we cover 22 published articles, 39 pre-print articles and 79 trials. The review highlights a range of mechanistic and observational evidence to highlight the role nutrition can play in susceptibility and progression of COVID-19. However, to date, there is limited evidence that high-dose supplements of micronutrients will either prevent severe disease or speed up recovery, although results of clinical trials are eagerly awaited. Conclusions: To date there is no conclusive evidence supporting adoption of novel nutritional therapies. However, given the known impacts of all forms of malnutrition on the immune system, public health strategies to reduce micronutrient deficiencies and undernutrition remain of critical importance. There is strong evidence that prevention of obesity, and its consequent type-2 diabetes, will reduce the risk of serious COVID-19 outcomes.

show abstract

Risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

The association between the level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D, obesity, and underlying diseases with the risk of developing COVID‐19 infection: A case–control study of hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran

The association between the level of serum 25(OH) vitamin D, obesity, and underlying diseases with the risk of developing COVID‐19 infection: A case–control study of hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran

Proportion and mortality of Iranian diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis

Could nutrition modulate COVID-19 susceptibility and severity of disease? A systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About