Risk and preventive factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): alcohol consumption and intoxication prior to a traumatic event diminishes the relative risk to develop PTSD in response to that trauma

Maes, Michaël; Delmeire, Laure; Mylle, Jacques; Altamura, Carlo

doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(00)00173-7

Cited by 74 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In fact, although Maes, Delmeire, Mylle, and Altamura (2001) found that alcohol consumption and intoxication decreased the odds of PTSD in a cohort of 127 victims trapped in a ballroom fire, the results of this investigation suggest that intake of alcohol that is severe enough to qualify for a DSM-IV disorder may in fact increase the odds for PTSD. Our findings are also consistent with the report by Johnson, Strikley, and Cottler (2006) who described that an early age at onset of alcohol use was associated with developing PTSD (OR = 2.03) in women from a sample of 1098 out-of-treatment African American drug users.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Towards a post-traumatic subtype of obsessive–compulsive disorder

Fontenelle¹,

Cocchi²,

Harrison³

et al. 2012

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Towards a post-traumatic subtype of obsessive–compulsive disorder

Fontenelle¹,

Cocchi²,

Harrison³

et al. 2012

Journal of Anxiety Disorders

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“…In light of evidence that GABA modulates the HPA axis and that GABA agonists reduce fear reactions (Zangrossi et al, 1999), this finding suggests that lower GABA levels shortly after trauma may suppress glutamatergic functioning. This observation is consistent with evidence that intoxication at the time of trauma can reduce PTSD development (Maes et al, 2001). …”

Section: Core Predictors and Hypothesized Mechanisms Of Chronic Dysfusupporting

confidence: 92%

Pathological Responses to Terrorism

Yehuda¹,

Bryant²,

Marmar³

et al. 2005

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Many important gains have been made in understanding PTSD and other responses to trauma as a result of neuroscience-based observations. Yet there are many gaps in our knowledge that currently impede our ability to predict those who will develop pathologic responses. Such knowledge is essential for developing appropriate strategies for mounting a mental health response in the aftermath of terrorism and for facilitating the recovery of individuals and society. This paper reviews clinical and biological studies that have led to an identification of pathologic responses following psychological trauma, including terrorism, and highlights areas of future-research. It is important to not only determine risk factors for the development of short-and long-term mental health responses to terrorism, but also apply these risk factors to the prediction of such responses on an individual level. It is also critical to consider the full spectrum of responses to terrorism, as well as the interplay between biological and psychological variables that contribute to these responses. Finally, it is essential to remove the barriers to collecting data in the aftermath of trauma by creating a culture of education in which the academic community can communicate to the public what is and is not known so that survivors of trauma and terrorism will understand the value of their participation in research to the generation of useful knowledge, and by maintaining the acquisition of knowledge as a priority for the government and those involved in the immediate delivery of services in the aftermath of large-scale disaster or trauma.

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“…Again, in the recent study of war survivors, learning about torture/death/disappearance/imprisonment of close one was not found as a predictor of MDD (Başoglu et al 2005). Taken together with the previous studies, it can particularly be insisted upon that there is some evidence to suggest that exposure to physical damage and threat to life are more likely to lead to PTSD (Green et al 1993;Hauff and Vaglum 1994;Maes et al 2001;Momartin et al 2004b) whereas loss of close attachments increases vulnerability to depression (Westermeyer et al 1983;Kroll et al 1989;Carlson and Rosser-Hogan 1991). The non-significant predictive value of traumatic loss on comorbidity in the present study may be explained by two ways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of Depression on Recovery from PTSD

Tural

Önder

Aker

2010

Community Ment Health J

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It has been suggested that the treatment strategy needs to be reviewed and changed if depression occurs in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We analyzed data extracted from the Marmara Epidemiological Survey (MES) which had examined 683 survivors at 3 years after a devastating earthquake. Fifty three cases (40.5%) out of the 131 cases with PTSD had also been diagnosed with MDD. Comorbid PTSD and MDD group has significantly lower rates of recovery from PTSD in comparison to PTSD without MDD (26.4% vs. 47.4% respectively). Rates of past psychiatric disorder and past traumatic experience were significantly more frequent among the comorbid group. Moreover, comorbidity of PTSD and MDD was clearly associated with greater psychological distress, more severe PTSD, and diminished perceived social support. Past psychiatric disorder, General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Scale (MSPSS) total scores succeeded in predicting the comorbidity of PTSD and MDD significantly.

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Risk and preventive factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): alcohol consumption and intoxication prior to a traumatic event diminishes the relative risk to develop PTSD in response to that trauma

Cited by 74 publications

References 30 publications

Towards a post-traumatic subtype of obsessive–compulsive disorder

Towards a post-traumatic subtype of obsessive–compulsive disorder

Pathological Responses to Terrorism

Effect of Depression on Recovery from PTSD

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