Risk and Protective Factors for Adolescent Substance Use: Findings from a Study in Selected Central American Countries

Kliewer, Wendy; Murrelle, Lenn

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.11.148

Cited by 136 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…However, support for the main effects of protective factors across family, peer, and community contexts was found when these indices were examined separately from the risk factors. Consistent with other studies, protective indices were much weaker predictors when both risk and protective factors were included in the same model [20,21].The results also suggest that relations between risk and protective factors and ATOD outcomes may vary across adolescence. Family and community factors were more salient for younger cohorts whereas peer and school domains were more important for older adolescents.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

“…Research indicates variation in the magnitude of relations and that generally, risk factors are more influential than protective factors [20,21]. Yet there is debate over which domains of risk or protection are stronger predictors of certain outcomes compared to others.…”

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, findings from the 1999 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse showed that the peer and individual domains had the strongest associations with past year marijuana, cigarette, and alcohol use [22]. However, other studies have found that family or school factors were among the strongest predictors of adolescent outcomes [18,20,23].Studies also vary in conclusions across types of ATOD use. Although some studies conclude that the general patterns of predictor variables for alcohol and marijuana use were similar [24,25], other research has found parents differentially influence alcohol or marijuana initiation Understanding the interrelations among risk and protective factors and adolescent outcomes requires data that include a wide array of individual and environmental risk and protective factors as well as measures of different types of substance use.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Risk and Protective Factors in Substance Use Across Adolescence

Cleveland

Feinberg

Bontempo

et al. 2008

Journal of Adolescent Health

247

182

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Purpose-To compare the relative influence of risk and protective factors across several domains on adolescent substance use in a large sample of youth.Methods-Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 6th, 8th, 10th, and 12th grade students in Pennsylvania (N = 91,778). Generalized linear mixed models were estimated for each grade level to examine associations among indices of 3 risk (individual, peer, and family) and 3 protective (family, school, and community) factors and (a) lifetime substance use and (b) recent substance use.Results-The risk factors were stronger predictors of substance use outcomes compared to the protective factors, regardless of grade level or substance use type. In particular, the individual and peer risk factors were strongly related to lifetime and recent use of cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana. Among the protective factors, the strongest associations with substance use were found in the community domain. Several age-related differences in the associations were also found, suggesting that family and community factors were more salient among younger grades whereas peer and school factors were stronger among older adolescents.Conclusions-These findings provide support for the Social Development Model (SDM), which proposes that adolescent substance use is associated with factors across multiple spheres of influence. Age-related differences in these associations suggest that effective interventions to reduce adolescent substance use may need to emphasize different domains of risk and protective factors at different stages of adolescent development. KeywordsAdolescence; age differences; risk factors; protective factors; substance use Recent epidemiologic surveys indicate that substance use by U.S. youth remains a matter of concern. For example, the 2006 Monitoring the Future results showed that among 12 th graders, most (72.7%) had tried alcohol at least once in their lives and almost half (42.3%) reported lifetime use of marijuana. Among the 8 th grade students, lifetime prevalence of alcohol exceeded 40% and nearly 16% reported trying marijuana at least once. Lifetime use of cigarettes was reported by nearly half (47.1%) of 12 th graders and almost one-fourth (24.6%)Corresponding Author: Michael J. Cleveland, The Methodology Center, 204 E. Calder Way, Suite 400, State College, PA 16801, Email: mjc37@psu.edu, Phone: 814-867-0333, Fax: 814-863-0000. Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. [1,2]. Moreover, even though the lifetime and annual prevalence rates have declined in the last decade, there is some evidence that the rat...

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Section: Nih-pa Author Manuscriptsupporting

confidence: 89%

supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Role of Risk and Protective Factors in Substance Use Across Adolescence

Cleveland

Feinberg

Bontempo

et al. 2008

Journal of Adolescent Health

247

182

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show abstract

Prevention of Adolescent Psychoactive Substance Use

McGee

Mack

2012

Clinical Handbook of Adolescent Addiction

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Parenting and other potential protective factors associated with polysubstance use among public school students in Lagos, Nigeria

Agwogie,

Kliewer

2024

Int J Psychol

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Substance use is a growing problem in Nigeria. The present study extended recent work documenting the importance of parenting as protective against substance use in Nigerian youth by testing a model linking parenting, additional protective factors and polysubstance use. Public school students (N = 1607; 56% female; M age = 14.88; SD = .44 years) living in the greater Lagos region participated in school‐based data collection. Lifetime polysubstance use, defined as use of two or more substances including alcohol or illicit drugs, or misuse of over‐the‐counter medications, was reported by 5.2% of the sample. Structural equation modelling that accounted for adolescent age and sex on all constructs revealed good model fit. Positive parenting (support and solicitation) was significantly associated with higher perceived harmfulness of substance use, religiosity and positive relationships at school. Positive school relationships were associated with a decreased likelihood of polysubstance use. Multiple group analysis revealed no overall sex differences in the model paths. Strengthening parent–adolescent relationships may have a cascading effect on protective factors and subsequent substance use, and should be included in youth substance use prevention programmes.

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Risk and Protective Factors for Adolescent Substance Use: Findings from a Study in Selected Central American Countries

Cited by 136 publications

References 19 publications

The Role of Risk and Protective Factors in Substance Use Across Adolescence

The Role of Risk and Protective Factors in Substance Use Across Adolescence

Prevention of Adolescent Psychoactive Substance Use

Parenting and other potential protective factors associated with polysubstance use among public school students in Lagos, Nigeria

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