Risk and protective factors for psychotic experiences in adolescence: a population-based study

McMahon, Elaine M.; Corcoran, Paul; Keeley, Helen; Clarke, Mary; Coughlan, Helen; Wasserman, Danuta; Hoven, Christina W.; Carli, Vladimir; Sarchiapone, Marco; Healy, Colm; Cannon, Mary

doi:10.1017/s0033291719004136

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Similarly, positive parent-child relationships during adolescence have recently been identified as mediators of the relationship between early adversity and PEs (45) and between PEs and other psychopathology (Healy et al in press) in youth populations. Longitudinal research examining potential mediating role of psychosocial factors in the relationship between PEs and functioning over time could offer further insights into the role of protective factors in the relationship between early adversity, PEs, psychopathology and functioning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Childhood adversity and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

Coughlan¹,

Walton-Ball²,

Carey³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Psychotic experiences in young people have known associations with childhood adversity and functional deficits. However, few studies have focused only on childhood psychotic experiences that remit during adolescence (transient psychotic experiences). Additionally, studies using self-report measures of interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood adversity and transient psychotic experiences and transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood. Methods: Participants were 103 young people from a longitudinal population-based study cohort of mental health in Ireland. They attended for clinical interview in childhood (age 11-13) and young adulthood (age 19-25). Data on childhood adversity were collected at baseline. Data on self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties were collected at follow-up. Data on psychotic experiences were collected at both times. Associations between childhood adversity, transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties were examined. Results: Young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences reported an almost 3.5-fold increase in odds of childhood victimization (OR 3.43 CI 1.21-9.71). They also reported significantly higher interpersonal ( p = 0.03) and educational/vocational ( p = 0.001) difficulties during adolescence. However, no significant differences in interpersonal ( p = 0.91) or educational/vocational ( p = 0.35) difficulties were found in young adulthood. The higher rates of childhood victimization found did not account for any observed differences. Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people both with and without a history of transient psychotic experiences decreased between adolescence and young adulthood. Conclusions: Young people with transient psychotic experiences have increased interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence but these may not persist into the young adult years. These findings may indicate that early transient psychotic experiences do not confer high risk for persistent interpersonal and/or educational/vocational deficits and young people who experience these phenomena transiently. Thus, psychotic experiences in childhood that remit by young adulthood may not be a strong risk indicator for future functioning deficits, as experienced and/or perceived by individuals themselves.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Childhood adversity and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

Coughlan¹,

Walton-Ball²,

Carey³

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Attachment, for example, has been found to mediate the relationship between early adversity and PEs [38][39][40] and between adversity and psychological distress/wellbeing [41]. Similarly, positive parent-child relationships during adolescence have recently been identified as mediators of the relationship between early adversity and PEs [29], and between PEs and other psychopathology [42] in youth populations. Longitudinal research on the role of psychosocial factors in the relationship between PEs and functioning could provide valuable insight into potential mediators of poor long-term functioning outcomes in individuals with experiences of early adversity, PE and psychopathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young adults with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

et al. 2021

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Background Psychotic experiences (PEs) are not uncommon in young people and are associated with both psychopathology and compromised global functioning. Although psychotic experiences are transient (short-lived, self-resolving and non-recurring) for most people who report them, few studies have examined the association between early transient PEs and later functioning in population samples. Additionally, studies using self-report measures of interpersonal and educational/ vocational difficulties are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood. Methods Participants were 103 young people from a longitudinal population-based study cohort of mental health in Ireland. They attended for baseline clinical interviews in childhood (age 11–13) and were followed up in young adulthood (age 19–25). Participants who reported psychotic experiences at baseline but not at follow-up were classified as having transient psychotic experiences. Data from both time-points were used to examine the association between transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/ vocational difficulties in young adulthood using poisson regression modelling. Results Young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences reported significantly higher interpersonal (adj IRR: 1.83, 95%ileCI: 1.10–3.02, p = .02) and educational/vocational (adj IRR: 2.28, 95%ileCI: 1.43–3.64, p = .001) difficulties during adolescence. However, no significant differences in interpersonal (adj IRR: 0.49, 95%ileCI: 0.10–2.30, p = .37) or educational/vocational (adj IRR: 0.88, 95%ileCI: 0.37–2.08, p = .77) difficulties were found in young adulthood. Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people both with and without a history of transient psychotic experiences decreased between adolescence and young adulthood. Conclusions Young people with transient psychotic experiences have increased interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence but these may not persist into the young adult years. This finding indicates that early psychotic experiences may not confer high risk for long-term interpersonal or educational/vocational deficits among young people who experience these phenomena transiently.

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“…Attachment, for example, has been found to mediate the relationship between early adversity and PEs (37)(38)(39) and between adversity and psychological distress/wellbeing (40). Similarly, positive parent-child relationships during adolescence have recently been identi ed as mediators of the relationship between early adversity and PEs (41), and between PEs and other psychopathology (42) in youth populations. Longitudinal research on the role of psychosocial factors in the relationship between PEs and functioning could provide valuable insight into potential mediators of poor long-term functioning outcomes in individuals with experiences of early adversity, PE and psychopathology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young adults with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

Coughlan

Walton-Ball

Carey

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundPsychotic experiences (PEs) are not uncommon in young people and are associated with both psychopathology and compromised global functioning. Although psychotic experiences are transient (short-lived, self-resolving and non-recurring) for most people who report them, few studies have examined the association between early transient PEs and later functioning in population samples. Additionally, studies using self-report measures of interpersonal and educational/ vocational difficulties are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence and young adulthood. Methods Participants were 103 young people from a longitudinal population-based study cohort of mental health in Ireland. They attended for baseline clinical interviews in childhood (age 11-13) and were followed up in young adulthood (age 19-25). Participants who reported psychotic experiences at baseline but not at follow-up were classified as having transient psychotic experiences. Data from both time-points were used to examine the association between transient psychotic experiences and self-reported interpersonal and educational/ vocational difficulties in young adulthood using poisson regression modelling.Results Young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences reported significantly higher interpersonal (adj IRR: 1.83, 95%ileCI: 1.10- 3.02, p = .02) and educational/vocational (adj IRR: 2.28, 95%ileCI: 1.43- 3.64, p = .001) difficulties during adolescence. However, no significant differences in interpersonal (adj IRR: 0.49, 95%ileCI: 0.10-2.30, p = .37) or educational/vocational (adj IRR: 0.88, 95%ileCI: 0.37-2.08, p = .77) difficulties were found in young adulthood. Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people both with and without a history of transient psychotic experiences decreased between adolescence and young adulthood.ConclusionsYoung people with transient psychotic experiences have increased interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in adolescence but these may not persist into the young adult years. This finding indicates that early psychotic experiences may not confer high risk for long-term interpersonal or educational/vocational deficits among young people who experience these phenomena transiently.

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Risk and protective factors for psychotic experiences in adolescence: a population-based study

Cited by 31 publications

References 57 publications

Childhood adversity and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

Childhood adversity and self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young people with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young adults with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

Self-reported interpersonal and educational/vocational difficulties in young adults with a history of transient psychotic experiences: findings from a population-based study

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