Risk and protective factors for mental health at a youth mass gathering

Cruwys, Tegan; Saeri, Alexander K; Radke, Helena R. M.; Walter, Zoe; Crimston, Charlie R.; Ferris, Laura J.

doi:10.1007/s00787-018-1163-7

Cited by 13 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(56 reference statements)

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“…Finally, it is important to emphasize that the research does not intend to portray social identity processes as uniquely exacerbating health risks in mass gatherings. The health benefits associated with collective participation (Cruwys et al, 2019;Khan et al, 2015) should not be neglected. Rather, the present research should be seen as contributing to efforts to understand the nature and scope of social identity processes in aggravating and mitigating health risks in mass gatherings (e.g., WHO, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, pilgrims at a Hindu festival in Indiathe Magh Melareported improved subjective health over time to the extent that they experienced a sense of shared social identity and perceived their relations with other pilgrims to be intimate and supportive (Khan et al, 2015). Similarly, attendees of an Australian festival for school leavers reported mental health benefits to the degree that they identified with other attendees; in contrast, those who experienced psychological distress were more likely to report social isolation and negative attitudes towards other groups in the mass gathering (i.e., other attendees, the police, and volunteers; Cruwys et al, 2019).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Shared social identification in mass gatherings lowers health risk perceptions via lowered disgust

Khazaie

Khan

2019

British J Social Psychol

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Previous research concerning mass gathering-associated health risks has focused on physical factors while largely neglecting the role of psychological factors. The present research examined the effect of experiencing shared social identification on perceptions of susceptibility to health risks in mass gatherings. Participants in Study 1 were asked to either recall a crowd in which they shared a social identity with other crowd members or a crowd in which they did not. Participants subsequently completed measures assessing shared social identity, disgust, and health risk perceptions. Study 2 involved administering the same measures as part of a survey to participants who had recently attended a music festival. The results from both studies indicated that sharing a social identity lowered health risk perceptions; this effect was indirect and mediated via disgust. This highlights the importance of considering social identity processes in the design of health communication aimed at reducing mass gathering-associated health risks. Large crowd events, or mass gatherings, such as music festivals, pilgrimages, and sports events, pose serious health risks (The World Health Organization (WHO), 2015). Examples of non-communicable health risks include crush injuries, environmental stressors, and trauma incidences related to substance misuse (Steffen et al., 2012). However, the most serious health risk is the transmission of communicable diseases. Being in close physical proximity to masses of people, under often rudimentary living conditions, increases the risk of infection, which may spread beyond the bounds of the mass gathering (

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Shared social identification in mass gatherings lowers health risk perceptions via lowered disgust

Khazaie

Khan

2019

British J Social Psychol

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“…In turn, there is evidence from an overcrowded music festival that under a shared identity, participants report anticipating support from others and that this contributed to feelings of safety and resilience (Drury, Novelli, & Stott, 2015). So too in a study of youth celebrations marking the end of schooling in Australia, Cruwys et al, (2019) found social identification with the crowd-predicted well-being. Moreover, the relationship between identification and (improved) mental health was stronger among a sample tested later in the event than a sample tested earlier in the event.…”

Section: Mass Gatherings and The "Social Cure"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Gatherings, Health, and Well‐Being: From Risk Mitigation to Health Promotion

Hopkins

Reicher

2020

Social Issues Policy Review

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Mass gatherings are routinely viewed as posing risks to physical health. However, social psychological research shows mass gathering participation can also bring benefits to psychological well-being. We describe how both sets of outcomes can be understood as arising from the distinctive forms of behavior that may be found when people-even strangers-come to define themselves and each other in terms of a shared social identity. We show that many of the risks and benefits of participation are products of group processes; that these different outcomes can have their roots in the same core processes; and that knowledge of these process provides a basis for health promotion interventions to mitigate the risks and maximize the benefits of participation. Throughout, we offer practical guidance as to how policy makers and practitioners should tailor such interventions. Mass gatherings take many forms: large-scale religious pilgrimages (e.g., the hajj), sporting events (e.g., the World Cup), music festivals (e.g., Glastonbury), regional and national commemorative events (e.g., St Patrick's Day celebrations), etc. Some are short-lived, others span days, even weeks. Some attract a few thousand, others, hundreds of thousands. Perhaps the most striking of all are the Kumbh Mela and the Magh Mela, each of which attract millions of Hindu pilgrims to the banks of the Ganga (north India) for a full month (Buzinde, Kalavar,

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“…Although many Israelis are motivated to serve in IDF and face the challenges related to the military service ( 10 ), difficulties in adjusting to the new environmental are frequent ( 11 ). While the negative impact of stress on QoL has been well-documented in multiple adolescent populations, such as in those living in high threat environments ( 12 , 13 ), in at-risk youth ( 14 ), in university students ( 15 ) and in college students ( 16 ), little is known about contributors to the QoL of newly recruited soldiers during their BCT in the army worldwide, as most studies examining QoL were conducted in veterans or in combat soldiers after their basic training phase ( 17 , 18 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Momentary Mood, Resilience, and Mental Health Status as Predictors of Quality of Life Among Young Adults Under Stress: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

et al. 2021

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Multiple internal factors, such as psychological resilience and mental health status, have been shown to contribute to overall quality of life (QoL). However, very few studies to date have examined how these factors contribute to QoL of youth and young adults in a stressful situation. Here, we studied the contribution of these factors, as well as of ecological momentary mood assessment, to QoL of young army recruits during their Basic Training Combat (BCT). To this end, we collected data from 156 male and female soldiers in a mixed-gender unit in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). Using a mobile app installed on participants' phones, participants provided self-reports regarding their mental health status and psychological resilience at baseline, and QoL 2 weeks later. Momentary mood reporting was further collected during the 2-week interval period using a daily self-report mood scale (IMS-12). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the interrelationships among the study variables based on a hypothesized model. We found that a model with all factors (gender, resilience, mental health status and momentary mood) provided a good fit for the data based on its fit indices [χ2(38) = 47.506, p = 0.139, CFI = 0.979, NFI = 0.910, RMSEA = 0.040, TLI = 0.964]. However, the only direct contributors to QoL were gender and momentary mood, accounting together for 61.5% of the variance of QoL. Psychological resilience and mental health status contributed to QoL only indirectly, through their associations with momentary mood. Collectively, these results highlight the importance of ecological momentary assessment of mental-health related factors such as mood to the prediction of QoL in young adults under stress. These findings may have broader implications for monitoring and improvement of well-being in young healthy populations as well as in clinical ones.

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Risk and protective factors for mental health at a youth mass gathering

Abstract: Mass gatherings may have a net benefit for attendee mental health, especially for those attendees who are subjectively committed to the event. However, a vulnerable subgroup of attendees requires targeted mental health support.

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Shared social identification in mass gatherings lowers health risk perceptions via lowered disgust

Shared social identification in mass gatherings lowers health risk perceptions via lowered disgust

Mass Gatherings, Health, and Well‐Being: From Risk Mitigation to Health Promotion

Ecological Momentary Mood, Resilience, and Mental Health Status as Predictors of Quality of Life Among Young Adults Under Stress: A Structural Equation Modeling Analysis

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