Risk and Resilience Factors for Mental Health among Transgender and Gender Nonconforming (TGNC) Youth: A Systematic Review

Tankersley, Amelia P.; Grafsky, Erika L.; Dike, Janey; Jones, Russell T.

doi:10.1007/s10567-021-00344-6

Cited by 103 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…These models posit that poor mental health outcomes and emotional distress among gender and sexual minority youth occur within the context of a larger society that is not accepting or affirming of these identities (Hendricks & Testa, 2012; Meyer, 2003). These models offer a framework for identification and understanding of the potential for adverse relations between the stressors of the larger society and mental health outcomes among transgender and nonbinary youth as well as opportunities for resilience and positive functioning, even in the context of stressors (Tankersley et al, 2021). Specifically, the stressors associated with the lack of acceptance and even hostility in the larger society (e.g., discrimination, violence, concealment) may impede individuals’ ability to identify and utilize resources to protect or improve mental health functioning (Meyer, 2003; Tankersley et al, 2021; Valentine & Shipherd, 2018).…”

Section: Disorder-specific Domains Of Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These models offer a framework for identification and understanding of the potential for adverse relations between the stressors of the larger society and mental health outcomes among transgender and nonbinary youth as well as opportunities for resilience and positive functioning, even in the context of stressors (Tankersley et al, 2021). Specifically, the stressors associated with the lack of acceptance and even hostility in the larger society (e.g., discrimination, violence, concealment) may impede individuals’ ability to identify and utilize resources to protect or improve mental health functioning (Meyer, 2003; Tankersley et al, 2021; Valentine & Shipherd, 2018). In addition, experiencing such stressors over time may have a cumulative impact on mental health and functioning (Hendricks & Testa, 2012; Meyer, 2003).…”

Section: Disorder-specific Domains Of Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Likelihood of traumatic exposures is increased among youth coping with other mental health disorders which in turn increases their risk for developing PTSS and/or Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as a function of their exposures (McLaughlin et al, 2013). Experiences of harassment, discrimination, rejection, and other negative life events may also be common among transgender and nonbinary youth and this minority stress may increase vulnerability for developing mental health symptoms (Tankersley et al, 2021; Wagner et al, 2019). Taken together, anxiety, depression, and PTSS stand to be prominent features, across gender, for youth presenting for intensive psychiatric services.…”

Section: Disorder-specific Domains Of Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How is everyone doing? Baseline psychological distress and adaptive functioning among transgender, nonbinary, and cis youth presenting for intensive outpatient psychiatric services.

Childs¹,

Kaufman²,

Olezeski³

2022

Psychological Services

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Psychological and psychosocial functioning of binary transgender and nonbinary youth has been understudied in settings treating individuals at risk for psychiatric hospitalization. Further, little is currently known about potential differences in baseline levels of psychiatric distress and adaptive functioning across gender-diverse youth and their psychiatrically distressed cisgender counterparts. Key differences may elucidate avenues for adapted treatment and protocols among youth presenting for psychiatric care. Archival data of 426 youth (M age = 14.94, SD = 1.5 years) referred to a psychiatric Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP) were used to examine differences in self-reported domains of psychological (e.g., depression, anxiety, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder [PTSD], emotion dysregulation) and psychosocial (e.g., parental and interpersonal relations) functioning across gender. The group included N = 272 cisfemale (64.1%), N = 137 cismale (32.2%), N = 10 transgender (2.3%) and N = 7 nonbinary (1.6%) self-identified youth. Cismales reported the lowest levels of distress and highest levels of adaptive functioning as compared to the other groups, whereas binary transgender and cisfemale youth did not significantly differ across any measured domain. Nonbinary youth reported higher levels of anxiety, hyperactivity, psychological inflexibility, and inadequacy than cisfemales, but largely did not differ from binary transgender youth. Beyond statistical comparisons, nonbinary youth demonstrated globally elevated levels of psychiatric distress and compromised adaptive functioning, with most ratings falling in the clinically significant and/or at-risk ranges. Results highlight the need for clinicians to carefully attend to unique needs of nonbinary youth and for future research to expand upon our preliminary findings. Clinical implications are discussed. Impact StatementNonbinary and binary transgender youth are overrepresented in intensive outpatient psychiatric settings. They report elevated levels of psychiatric distress and lower levels of adaptive functioning when compared with clinic-referred cisgender counterparts, with special concerns for nonbinary youth. Education on the Minority Stress Model as well as special considerations for intervention and psychosocial assessment are warranted in intensive outpatient treatment settings.

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Section: Disorder-specific Domains Of Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disorder-specific Domains Of Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disorder-specific Domains Of Functioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

How is everyone doing? Baseline psychological distress and adaptive functioning among transgender, nonbinary, and cis youth presenting for intensive outpatient psychiatric services.

Childs¹,

Kaufman²,

Olezeski³

2022

Psychological Services

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“…As physicians, we need to understand how important a parent's approval is to any youth. With the increased rates of suicidal ideation and homelessness among LBGTQ+ youth, 1,2 related in part to family rejection, 3 it is absolutely the domain of physicians to help families support and accept their gender-diverse child. Physicians can discuss the importance of acceptance with parents and guardians and provide education to family members and guardians about what being transgender or non-binary is.…”

Section: Supporting Youth and Familiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parenting My Transgender Child: From Loss to Acceptance

Larson

2021

Ann Fam Med

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“…De manière générale, on observe dans les écrits scientifiques un changement de paradigme autour de 2011 -raison pour laquelle nous avons choisi cette date pour débuter la revue des écrits. Ceci est patent lorsque l'on compare les deux revues systématiques des écrits(Moradi et al, 2016;Tankersley et al, 2021).…”

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Développer la résilience chez les jeunes trans et non binaires : un modèle basé sur l’éthique de la reconnaissance d’Axel Honneth

Médico¹

2021

IJCAR

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Notre objectif est de participer à la fondation des bases théoriques et empiriques des approches transaffirmatives pour les jeunes trans et non binaires (JTNB). Nous proposons un modèle dont les bases théoriques s’ancrent dans l’éthique de la reconnaissance d’Axel Honneth et dont les moyens et les outils d’intervention sont développés à partir des écrits sur les facteurs de résilience chez cette population spécifique. La recherche de ces 10 dernières années a montré que les oppressions que les JTNB vivent tout au long de leur développement ont un impact délétère sur leur santé mentale. La question qui se pose aujourd’hui aux intervenant.e.x.s est donc comment favoriser la résilience ? Pour y répondre, nous proposons quatre niveaux d’intervention basés sur les niveaux de reconnaissance sociale d’Axel Honneth et les travaux sur l'intersubjectivité en psychologie : subjectif, intersubjectif, communautaire et légal. En fonction de ces niveaux, les approches transaffirmatives développent des interventions qui ont les objectifs de favoriser : 1) un sens de soi incarné et positif par la construction identitaire et le dépassement des séquelles de la transphobie; 2) la confiance en soi par des liens interpersonnels validants; 3) l’estime de soi par la fierté d’être trans et l’ancrage communautaire; 4) le respect de soi par la possibilité de vivre dans le genre désiré en sécurité et avec équité.

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Risk and Resilience Factors for Mental Health among Transgender and Gender Nonconforming (TGNC) Youth: A Systematic Review

Cited by 103 publications

References 67 publications

How is everyone doing? Baseline psychological distress and adaptive functioning among transgender, nonbinary, and cis youth presenting for intensive outpatient psychiatric services.

How is everyone doing? Baseline psychological distress and adaptive functioning among transgender, nonbinary, and cis youth presenting for intensive outpatient psychiatric services.

Parenting My Transgender Child: From Loss to Acceptance

Développer la résilience chez les jeunes trans et non binaires : un modèle basé sur l’éthique de la reconnaissance d’Axel Honneth

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