Risk Assessment Analysis to Find Optimum ROCOF Protection Settings

Adrianti, Adrianti

doi:10.1049/cp.2014.0134

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Based on the related research [8] , the upper limit of RoCoF is set to 1.5 Hz/s in this paper. By limiting RoCoF and substituting its limit value into equation (4), the system inertia demand determined by the maximum frequency change rate is obtained:…”

Section: ) the Maximum Rocof Determines The Inertia Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy storage configurations with multi-timescale flexibility resources

Wang

Mao

2023

3rd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling, and Intelligent Computing (CAMMIC 2023)

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The rapid development of renewable energy has effectively alleviated the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution. At the same time, its randomness and volatility have increased the demand for flexible adjustment of power systems. The increasing proportion of renewable energy generation output exacerbates the risk of insufficient flexibility of the power system. In this context, this study quantifies the frequency support requirements of the power system, and establishes an energy storage configuration model considering flexible resources at multiple time scales, and uses gurobi as a solution tool to verify the model with the IEEE-39-bus system. Simulation result proves that the optimization model of energy storage allocation considering the flexibility of multi-time-scale resources can effectively improve the flexibility of the power system and meet the operational needs of the power system at various time scales.

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Section: ) the Maximum Rocof Determines The Inertia Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy storage configurations with multi-timescale flexibility resources

Wang

Mao

2023

3rd International Conference on Applied Mathematics, Modelling, and Intelligent Computing (CAMMIC 2023)

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“…Relai ini biasa digunakan pada pembangkit tersebar untuk mendeteksi terlepasnya grid dari jaringan distribusi. Sehingga merupakan salah satu jenis relai anti islanding [7], [8,9], [10], [11]. Relai ROCOF juga dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi ketidakseimbangan pembangkitan dan beban, sehingga memiliki potensi untuk digunakan sebagai relai pelepasan beban akibat kekurangan pembangkitan secara tibatiba.…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Skema Pelepasan Beban Menggunakan Relai Rate of Change of Frequency dengan Supervisi Under Frequency Relay

Adrianti¹,

Nasir²,

Salvayer³

2020

JTE

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Relai Rate of Change of Frequency (ROCOF) bekerja berdasarkan kecepatan perubahan frekuensi (df/dt) yang merupakan indikasi langsung dari ketidakseimbangan beban dengan pembangkit pada sistem. Dengan karakteristik ini pemanfaatan relai ROCOF sebagai relai pelepasan beban sangat menjanjikan. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa kemampuan skema relai ROCOF untuk pemanfaatan sebagai relai pelepasan beban frekuensi rendah. Skema relai ROCOF yang diusulkan terdiri dari lima tahap pelepasan dan disupervisi oleh relai frekuensi untuk mencegah maloperasi pelepasan beban saat kejadian hubung singkat. Skema relai ROCOF diuji melalui simulasi pelepasan pembangkit dengan kontingensi N-1, N-2 dan N-2-1. Simulasi dilakukan menggunakan Digsilent Powerfactory dan dibandingkan dengan skema UFR. Untuk kontingensi N-1 dan N-2, hasil simulasi menunjukkan skema relai ROCOF dapat mengembalikan frekuensi ke nilai yang lebih baik dan dalam waktu yang lebih cepat dari pada skema UFR. Namun terdapat permasalahan dalam pengaturan sensitifitas relai ROCOF melalui setting delay waktu. Untuk kondisi kekurangan pembangkitan ringan dan sedang dibutuhkan setting delay yang cukup besar untuk memperoleh nilai df/dt yang sebenarnya dari nilai df/dt yang cenderung berosilasi. Namun untuk kekurangan pembangkitan yang parah, setting delay yang besar menyebabkan relai menjadi kurang sensitif sehingga sebagian kecil relai tidak bekerja pada semua tahap yang diharapkan.

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“…If the RoCoF following a frequency deviation is too high, it increases the risk of cascading frequency events, as a result of the tripping of RoCoF relays; these relays, such as the loss of mains (LoM) protection relays, are designed to open relevant circuits when the system RoCoF reaches a given limit [6]. This raises concerns regarding the behaviour of the power system in the first few seconds following a mismatch of power supply and demand.…”

Section: = % 2 × )*)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Containing Loss Risk in a Low Inertia GB Power System

Nedd

Bell

Booth

2018

2018 IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering and 2018 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Syst

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There is a reduction in the percentage penetration of synchronous machines within the GB power system; leading to a decrease in inertia, and an increase in system rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) following a frequency event. This raises the challenge of containing frequency deviations within the relevant operational limits. As a result, steps need to be taken by the system operator to manage the risk to system security. In order to better understand this risk, this paper presents the challenge in light of the changing energy landscape and the current and future frequency response services available to contain frequency deviations. Although frequency response services may be capable of containing some events within frequency limits, in low inertia scenarios these responses alone are not capable of containing excursions within practical RoCoF limits. Consequently, further action must be taken to ensure system security. The system operator currently employs an interim solution of limiting the largest loss risk, depending on system inertia and the RoCoF limit. While this is suitable in the short-term, it is unlikely that this option will be viable in the future.

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Risk Assessment Analysis to Find Optimum ROCOF Protection Settings

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Energy storage configurations with multi-timescale flexibility resources

Energy storage configurations with multi-timescale flexibility resources

Skema Pelepasan Beban Menggunakan Relai Rate of Change of Frequency dengan Supervisi Under Frequency Relay

Containing Loss Risk in a Low Inertia GB Power System

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