Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges

Cattaneo, Irene; Kalian, Alexander D.; Nicola, Matteo Riccardo Di; Dujardin, Bruno; Levorato, Sara; Mohimont, Luc; Nathanail, Alexis V.; Carnessechi, Edoardo; Astuto, Maria Chiara; Tarazona, José V.; Kass, George E.N.; Liem, A.K.D.; Robinson, Tobin; Manini, Paola; Högstrand, Christer; Price, Paul S.; Dorne, Jean Lou

doi:10.3390/toxins15010040

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Scientific data about the possible synergistic effects of multiple pesticide residues as well as the effects of exposure to multiple residues that display different modes of action remains very limited [20,43]. Additionally, exposures to different chemicals may arise from separate sources, which should also be considered [44]. Consequently, these gaps in our knowledge may lead to an underestimation of the real health risk.…”

Section: Public Health Concerns Related To Pesticide Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The simultaneous presence of different contaminants, including pesticides, in the same food (the so-called "cocktail effect") represents a significant aspect of food safety that requires comprehensive research [62]. The possible interactions between different chemical contaminants in food may result in partial detoxification (if antagonism or inhibition takes place) or in an increase in toxicity due to synergism or potentiation, even when each compound is present at a level below toxicity reference values [44,63]. Therefore, there is an urgency to develop approaches that will enable the evaluation of these effects before confirming an effective risk [62].…”

Section: Strategies Aimed To Protect Human Health and The Environment...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pesticide Use and Degradation Strategies: Food Safety, Challenges and Perspectives

Leskovac

Petrović

2023

Foods

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While recognizing the gaps in pesticide regulations that impact consumer safety, public health concerns associated with pesticide contamination of foods are pointed out. The strategies and research directions proposed to prevent and/or reduce pesticide adverse effects on human health and the environment are discussed. Special attention is paid to organophosphate pesticides, as widely applied insecticides in agriculture, veterinary practices, and urban areas. Biotic and abiotic strategies for organophosphate pesticide degradation are discussed from a food safety perspective, indicating associated challenges and potential for further improvements. As food systems are endangered globally by unprecedented challenges, there is an urgent need to globally harmonize pesticide regulations and improve methodologies in the area of food safety to protect human health.

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Section: Public Health Concerns Related To Pesticide Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategies Aimed To Protect Human Health and The Environment...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Use and Degradation Strategies: Food Safety, Challenges and Perspectives

Leskovac

Petrović

2023

Foods

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“…It is also noteworthy to recall that compounds, apart from their concentration and their effect, can also interact with each other and such potential interactions must be accounted for in risk assessment. An effort has been made in the research field, followed by recent guidance documents for risk assessment of combined exposures [ 15 ] but many animal studies still use non-relevant doses with regard to human exposure levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multigenerational Effects of a Complex Human-Relevant Exposure during Folliculogenesis and Preimplantation Embryo Development: The FEDEXPO Study

Fouikar

Duranthon

Helies

et al. 2023

Toxics

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Animal toxicological studies often fail to mimic the complexity of the human exposome, associating low doses, combined molecules and long-term exposure. Since the reproductive potential of a woman begins in the fetal ovary, the literature regarding the disruption of its reproductive health by environmental toxicants remains limited. Studies draw attention to follicle development, a major determinant for the quality of the oocyte, and the preimplantation embryo, as both of them are targets for epigenetic reprogramming. The “Folliculogenesis and Embryo Development EXPOsure to a mixture of toxicants: evaluation in the rabbit model” (FEDEXPO) project emerged from consideration of these limitations and aims to evaluate in the rabbit model the impacts of an exposure to a mixture of known and suspected endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during two specific windows, including folliculogenesis and preimplantation embryo development. The mixture combines eight environmental toxicants, namely perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), 2,2′4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and bisphenol S (BPS), at relevant exposure levels for reproductive-aged women based on biomonitoring data. The project will be organized in order to assess the consequences of this exposure on the ovarian function of the directly exposed F0 females and monitor the development and health of the F1 offspring from the preimplantation stage. Emphasis will be made on the reproductive health of the offspring. Lastly, this multigenerational study will also tackle potential mechanisms for the inheritance of health disruption via the oocyte or the preimplantation embryo.

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“…Soil pollution from CCIs directly harms microorganisms and other organisms [18] and indirectly threatens environmental health through pollutant accumulation in crops and transmission through the food chain [6,19], and finally causes risk, which can be concepted as the possibility of suffering damage or harm, to human body characterizing as carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks. To quantitatively characterize the health hazards of pollutants [20,21], it is necessary to bring together knowledge and techniques from chemistry, physiology, mathematics, medicine and other related disciplines to reveal the pollution sources affecting biological and environmental receptors [22] and to formulate a human health risk assessment (HHRA) method that includes hazard identification, exposure assessment, toxicity assessment, and risk characterization [23][24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Assessment Framework for Human Health Risk from Heavy Metals in Coal Chemical Industry Soils in Northwest China

Wang,

Zhao,

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Coal chemical industry (CCI) sites are characterized by complex environmental media, combined heavy metal pollution, and diverse exposure routes. However, existing human health risk assessment (HHRA) methods have multiple drawbacks, such as their small scope of application, limited assessment factors, and insufficient case applications. After 128 soil samples were collected, the contents of Be, V, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Hg in the soils were analyzed based on general risk assessment guideline of China. Then, risk levels were calculated based on oral ingestion, skin contact and inhalation as the main exposure routes to compare and screen priority heavy metals. Furthermore, control values were identified through a contribution rate calculation model when CR > 10−6 or HQ > 1. As reference values, risk thresholds were proposed for heavy metals, and then a soil HHRA framework for the CCI site was constructed. Under the three exposure routes, the total CR was As > 10−6, and the total HQ was 1 > As > Cd; the HHRs related to As and V via the oral ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation pathways were 76.67%, 13.13%, and 10.18% and 1.66%, 0, and 98.34%, respectively. The risk control value of As was 1.59 mg/kg and that of V was 25.1 mg/kg. Based on these results, the threshold values for priority heavy metals should be based on comprehensive considerations of the elemental background of a specific area, the contaminant criteria in different areas, the regional industrial development plan, and the most important control criterion, as well as the control value. Through the development of an HHRA framework and case verification, the authors of this article aim to guide CCI managers in screening priority heavy metals, formulating protection measures, developing improved operational procedures and improving the HHRA system for polluted CCI sites.

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Risk Assessment of Combined Exposure to Multiple Chemicals at the European Food Safety Authority: Principles, Guidance Documents, Applications and Future Challenges

Cited by 15 publications

References 94 publications

Pesticide Use and Degradation Strategies: Food Safety, Challenges and Perspectives

Pesticide Use and Degradation Strategies: Food Safety, Challenges and Perspectives

Multigenerational Effects of a Complex Human-Relevant Exposure during Folliculogenesis and Preimplantation Embryo Development: The FEDEXPO Study

An Assessment Framework for Human Health Risk from Heavy Metals in Coal Chemical Industry Soils in Northwest China

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