Risk Assessment of Manufactured Nanomaterials

Rocks, Sophie A.; Pollard, Simon J. T.; Dorey, Robert; Harrison, Paul; Levy, Leonard S.; Handy, Richard D.; Garrod, John F.; Owen, Richard

doi:10.1002/9781444307504.ch10

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 49 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As with any new medicine or medical device, the potential benefits must be weighed against the risks. , In terms of adverse health effects, there is a historic literature on the occupational exposure to dusts containing ultrafine particles and the concern of respiratory toxicity from inhaling ENMs has also been reviewed for different ENMs (CNTs; , metal particles and silica), with a particular focus on high aspect ratio ENMs that may cause acute inflammation in the lungs . However, most of this literature has been concerned with events in the lung, not the oral cavity, and traditionally these experiments have used free forms of ENMs in aerosols or instillations, not ENMs that are embedded in the matrix of a commercial product, in semisolid materials like food, or in a dental material.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Nanomaterials in Dentistry: Interactions with the Oral Microenvironment, Clinical Applications, Hazards, and Benefits

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Interest in the use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) as either nanomedicines or dental materials/devices in clinical dentistry is growing. This review aims to detail the ultrafine structure, chemical composition, and reactivity of dental tissues in the context of interactions with ENMs, including the saliva, pellicle layer, and oral biofilm; then describes the applications of ENMs in dentistry in context with beneficial clinical outcomes versus potential risks. The flow rate and quality of saliva are likely to influence the behavior of ENMs in the oral cavity, but how the protein corona formed on the ENMs will alter bioavailability, or interact with the structure and proteins of the pellicle layer, as well as microbes in the biofilm, remains unclear. The tooth enamel is a dense crystalline structure that is likely to act as a barrier to ENM penetration, but underlying dentinal tubules are not. Consequently, ENMs may be used to strengthen dentine or regenerate pulp tissue. ENMs have dental applications as antibacterials for infection control, as nanofillers to improve the mechanical and bioactive properties of restoration materials, and as novel coatings on dental implants. Dentifrices and some related personal care products are already available for oral health applications. Overall, the clinical benefits generally outweigh the hazards of using ENMs in the oral cavity, and the latter should not prevent the responsible innovation of nanotechnology in dentistry. However, the clinical safety regulations for dental materials have not been specifically updated for ENMs, and some guidance on occupational health for practitioners is also needed. Knowledge gaps for future research include the formation of protein corona in the oral cavity, ENM diffusion through clinically relevant biofilms, and mechanistic investigations on how ENMs strengthen the tooth structure.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Nanomaterials in Dentistry: Interactions with the Oral Microenvironment, Clinical Applications, Hazards, and Benefits

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There is a consensus that the classical measures of toxicology are in principle applicable to NMs, but that the standard procedures of risk assessment have to be modified [16]. SCENIHR stated in their opinions on the risk assessment of NMs and nanoproducts that the current methodologies are generally likely to be able to identify the hazards associated with the use of NMs.…”

Section: Challenges To Nanospecific Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main limitation of risk assessment frameworks for NMs is the lack of a quantitative uncertainty assessment to improve the transparency [9,16]. Different sources of separately analyzed uncertainty as well as combined effects should be quantified in the final risk characterization step.…”

Section: Characterization Of Uncertainty Variability Evidence and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing the Challenges to the Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials

Jahnel

2015

Nanoengineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…ENM production processes may lead workplace exposure , and it is likely that different ENMbased consumer products may lead to the introduction of these new particles in the environment (Colvin 2003;Englert 2007). There is now a wider debate about the health and environmental safety of ENM Owen and Handy 2007), and this includes consideration on how human and environmental risk posed by ENM may be adequately assessed (Kuempel et al 2007;Nowack and Bucheli 2007;Chaudhry et al 2008;Rocks et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Weight of Evidence approach for the relative hazard ranking of nanomaterials

Zuin¹,

Micheletti²,

Critto

et al. 2010

Nanotoxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In assessing hazard for human health posed by newly engineered nanomaterials (ENM), approaches such as Weight of Evidence (WOE) and expert judgment are required to develop conclusions about the hazard of ENM. This is because all factors affecting hazard are not currently well defined and are often subject to different interpretation. Here we report the application of a WOE procedure to assess the potential of ENM to cause harm for human health, by integrating and combining physicochemical properties of NM and toxicity data obtained within the EU-funded Particle Risk project. The procedure was applied to carbon black (CB), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT), C60 fullerene and quantum dots (QD) ENM tested during the Particle Risk project. The results show that some of the investigated ENM present a relatively higher hazardousness level on the basis of the integration of their physicochemical properties and toxicological effects, and that their hazard may be ranked as follow: QD >> C60 > SWNT > CB. This case study shows the utility of WOE approach to obtain a hazard ranking of ENM.

show abstract

Risk Assessment of Manufactured Nanomaterials

Cited by 15 publications

References 49 publications

Review of Nanomaterials in Dentistry: Interactions with the Oral Microenvironment, Clinical Applications, Hazards, and Benefits

Review of Nanomaterials in Dentistry: Interactions with the Oral Microenvironment, Clinical Applications, Hazards, and Benefits

Addressing the Challenges to the Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials

Weight of Evidence approach for the relative hazard ranking of nanomaterials

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About