Risk Assessment of Metals in Urban Soils from a Typical Industrial City, Suzhou, Eastern China

Wang, Gang; Liu, Houqi; Gong, Yu; Yang, Wei; Miao, Ai-Jun; Yang, Liuyan; Zhong, Huan

doi:10.3390/ijerph14091025

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Pollution degree was also assessed using contamination factor (CF) [32,33,37], pollution load index (PLI) [32][33][34]37], geoaccumulation index (I geo ) [38][39][40][41], potential ecological risk (RI) [23,32,34,37,38] and hazard quotient (HQ) [22,23,35,37,38,42].…”

Section: Evaluation Of Sediments Pollution By Hmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hazard quotient HQ [22,23,35,37,38,42] is used to evaluate the health risk to humans related to sediments dredging from RTs. This kind of evaluation is used to quantify both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to humans via three exposure pathways: ingestion, dermal contact and inhalation.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Sediments Pollution By Hmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The level of enrichment factor indicates the potential of sediments to show toxic effects to biota under favourable conditions as the actual toxicity to biota of the metals will depend on the physical, chemical and biological conditions under which organisms get in contact with sediments containing the metals. The indices used to describe heavy metal enrichment of sediments include contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), potential ecological risk (RI) and hazard quotient (HQ) [32][33][34][35]. Single indices of the above mentioned list are used, as a rule, to characterize sediments contamination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals in Sediments of Urban Streams: Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Influencing Factors

et al. 2019

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Sediments of two urban streams in northern Poland outflowing to the Baltic Sea were assessed to explain the spatial variation in relation to urbanization level of the catchment, the role of retention tanks (RTs) and identification of pollution level. During the 3 month period of investigation sediment samples were collected from the inflow (IN) and outflow (OUT) of six RTs located on streams for flood protection. Six heavy metals (HMs) were investigated: Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Ni, Cr. The assessment of four geochemical enrichment indices used to quantify contamination of HMs in the sediments at IN and OUT samples was carried out. Contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and potential ecological risk (RI) were calculated and the indices usefulness was assessed. Also, the hazard quotient (HQ) was calculated to assess health risk associated with dredging works. In sediments from RTs where paved surfaces constituted more than 70% of the catchment the HMs concentrations were from one to three times higher for Ni and from two to 143 times higher for Cu in comparison to soft catchment results. The extremely high Cu concentration (1114 mg/kg d.w.) found in sediments at RT Orłowska IN was most likely associated with large area of roofs covered with copper sheet. Calculation of CF, PLI, Igeo, RI, HQ indicators allows for a complex and multi-dimensional assessment of sediment status. Among these, CF and PLI classified the analyzed sediments as most polluted. Basing on the sedimentary HMs concentrations the health risk level via dermal exposure pathway was assessed as low.

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Section: Evaluation Of Sediments Pollution By Hmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of Sediments Pollution By Hmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals in Sediments of Urban Streams: Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Influencing Factors

et al. 2019

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“…ecological risk of soil in Bengbu. Wang et al (2017) while working on urban soils from industrial city, Suzhou reported low ecological risk of metals. Bhatti et al (2017Bhatti et al ( , 2018 while working on agricultural soils of Punjab reported that Cd is the major contaminant that provides potential ecological risk to the soils of Punjab which are in confirmation with the results of present study.…”

Section: Indexing Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of soil properties from catchment areas of Ravi and Beas rivers: a review

Kumar

Sharma

Kaur

et al. 2018

Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes

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Soil is a substantive environmental medium that is subjected to various physiochemical challenges derived by natural, as well as human activities. The present review attempts to summarize the pollution status of soil from the catchments areas of Beas and Ravi Rivers in Punjab, India, as reported by different workers. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that anthropogenic activities and lithogenic factors are the major sources of metals. The average values of heavy metals of Beas River for heavy metals, Cr, Cu, Co, and Cd, were lower than the values suggested by Awasthi, European Union, and Ewers. The average values of C (0.29%), P (0.05 mg/g), and N (0.13 mg/g) were found for the Beas River, whereas for Ravi River the average values recorded were C (0.32%), P (0.01 mg/g), and N (0.16 mg/g). The results of contamination factor (CF) indicate that soil of Beas River is less contaminated by the metals. The results of ecological risk index indicate that metals showed low ecological risk in the soils of Beas River.

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“…For example, several pollution indexes were used to determine the ecological risk of metals in the Planty Park soils in Poland [17]. Among these indices, I geo and RI were the most commonly used ones to assess the ecological risk of trace metals in the soils [18,19]. These two indices could assess not only metal soil contamination but also the degree of environmental risk [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Soils in the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province, China

Huang

Shao

Wang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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In recent years, intensified industrialization and rapid urbanization have accelerated the accumulation of trace metals in topsoils of the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province in China. Trace metals can cause adverse impacts on ecosystems and human health. In order to assess the ecological and human health risks of trace metals in the Golden Triangle region and to determine the distribution and degree of pollution of trace metals, 456 soil samples were collected from 28 districts. The concentrations of six metals (As, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were analyzed to assess ecological risk using the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and the potential ecological risk index (RI). The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) model was applied to calculate health risk. The average soil concentrations of the six elements are ranked as follows: As < Ni < Cu < Cr < Pb < Zn. Inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation maps showed that Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn are enriched in the soils of developed areas, while As and Pb are enriched in the soils of undeveloped areas. The Igeo showed that the levels of metals in most soil samples are below polluting levels. Similarly, RI values indicated that trace metals pose low potential ecological risk in the region’s soils. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) ranked the mean total noncarcinogenic risk of the six metals, for both children and adults, as follows: As > Pb > Cr > Ni > Cu >Zn. The mean carcinogenic risk (CR) of the metals in the region’s soils are ranked as follows: Cr > As > Ni. The Hazard Index (HI) values indicated that 3.7% of soils contained unsafe levels of toxic metals for children and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) values indicated that 23.3% of soils contained unsafe levels, indicating that children are facing both noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from trace metals. Principal component analysis (PCA) and matrix cluster analysis were used to identify pollution sources and classified trace metals and soil samples into two and five groups, respectively. The five groups represented the effects of different land use types, including agricultural area, residential and public area, industrial area, forest, and industrial area and roadside, based on the contents of trace metals in soils. Industrial, agricultural and traffic activities attribute to the enrichment of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the region’s soils. Moreover, the accumulation of As and Pb are also attributed to atmospheric deposition. These results can contribute to a better understanding of pollution, ecological risks, and human health risks from trace metals on large regional scales like the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province.

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Risk Assessment of Metals in Urban Soils from a Typical Industrial City, Suzhou, Eastern China

Cited by 50 publications

References 62 publications

Heavy Metals in Sediments of Urban Streams: Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Influencing Factors

Heavy Metals in Sediments of Urban Streams: Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Influencing Factors

Assessment of soil properties from catchment areas of Ravi and Beas rivers: a review

Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Soils in the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province, China

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