Risk assessment of polyarylether polymerization process

Zhou, Juan; Yu, Andong; Suetor, Cyril G.; Liang, Xinmiao; Hua, Min; Pan, Xuhai; Ni, Lei; Jiang, Juncheng

doi:10.1007/s10973-020-10084-4

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, the relationship between the heat of polymerization as measured by reaction calorimetry and the monomer concentration has received little attention. ,, Therefore, a linear fit of the Q r versus monomer concentration data was performed, and the results are shown in Figure . In addition, the higher the concentration of the monomer in the polymerization reaction is, the greater is the viscosity of the product, which poses a huge challenge to evaluation of the thermal runaway behavior of polymerization reactions. − It can be seen from Figure that Q r has a linear relationship with the monomer concentration, with a correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) of 0.97.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adiabatic temperature rise (Δ T ad ) is an important parameter for risk assessment. , The reactive system cannot effectively exchange heat with its surroundings after cooling failure, and the energy released by the reaction continues to increase the system temperature. As the heat released by a chemical reaction is directly related to the severity of the runaway reaction, Δ T ad is a convenient way to evaluate the severity of a runaway reaction. ,, The value of Δ T ad is calculated using eq : where Q r is the heat of reaction, M r is the mass of the reaction, and c p is the specific heat capacity of the reaction.…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another important parameter for the evaluation of runaway reactions is the time to maximum rate under adiabatic conditions ( TMR ad ). The temperature at which the TMR ad is 24 h is denoted as T D24 , T D24 can be obtained from fits to DSC or ARC data using n th-order kinetics software.…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research on the Risk of Thermal Runaway in the Industrial Process of Styrene Solution Polymerization

Zhao

Zhang²,

et al. 2021

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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Polymerization reactions are exothermic processes that are often accompanied by viscosity changes, and they can pose hazards due to thermal runaway. This paper describes an investigation of the potential for thermal runaway in the industrial process of styrene solution polymerization, in which particular focus was devoted to the effects of the monomer concentration and the solvent. As the monomer concentration increased from 20.0 to 50.0 wt %, the heat of reaction Q r and the adiabatic temperature rise ΔT ad increased in a linear manner from 19.0 ± 0.2 to 58.1 ± 0.6 kJ and 21.7 ± 0.1 to 64.8 ± 0.6 K, respectively, and the maximum temperature attained by the synthesis reaction (MTSR) was also increased from 86.1 ± 0.2 to 101.5 ± 0.2 °C. In addition, the molecular weight distribution of polystyrene was around 1.9, and the distribution was broad. The risk of a potential runaway reaction was evaluated using the Stoessel assessment criteria and Zurich Hazard Analysis. The criticality of runaway polymerization remained constant with increasing concentration, and class 1 risk was observed. However, the severity of a potential runaway reaction was increased from negligible to medium class. It was found that the solvent had an important effect on the risk of thermal runaway during polymerization. The criticality of the high-boiling solvents toluene and cyclohexanone used in this work was class 1, while that of the low-boiling solvent ethyl acetate was class 3. This work provides valuable insight that can help to control thermal risk in the chemical industry.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research on the Risk of Thermal Runaway in the Industrial Process of Styrene Solution Polymerization

Zhao

Zhang²,

et al. 2021

Org. Process Res. Dev.

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“…The actual conversion was replaced, using Equation (18), by thermal conversion to obtain E a . Table 11 presents the results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Since then, this diagram has been widely applied for various chemical processes, such as Diels-Alder reactions, 12 oxidation reactions, [13][14][15] esterification reactions, 16 nitration reactions, 17 and polymerization reactions. 18 1-Nitronaphthalene is an important INT in the synthesis of medicines, dyes, pesticides, and rubber antioxidants. Although several nitrating agents are known, the preferred synthesis method is to nitrate naphthalene by using mixed acid (a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid) because of its efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process safety assessment of semibatch nitration of naphthalene with mixed acid to 1‐nitronaphthalene

Liang

et al. 2022

AIChE Journal

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In this study, different calorimetric and analytical techniques were used to evaluate the thermal behavior of the preparation of 1-nitronaphthalene through the nitration of naphthalene with mixed acid. Differential scanning calorimetry and adiabatic calorimetry revealed that 1-nitronaphthalene lacks thermal decomposition characteristics. The results of reaction calorimetry, high-performance liquid chromatography, and the density function theory method were combined to analyze the reaction mechanism. An expanded Stoessel criticality diagram was developed to evaluate the process safety of the semibatch nitration reaction. The results revealed a higher degree of risk than that obtained when using the traditional Stoessel criticality diagram. Kinetics parameters of the reaction were investigated.

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The Recent Advances of Polymer–POSS Nanocomposites With Low Dielectric Constant

Miao,

Zhan,

Liao

et al. 2024

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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This study provides a comprehensive overview of the preparation methods for polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) monomers and polymer/POSS nanocomposites. It focuses on the latest advancements in using POSS to design polymer nanocomposites with reduced dielectric constants. The study emphasizes exploring the potential of POSS, either alone or in combination with other materials, to decrease the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of various polymers, including polyimides, bismaleimide resins, poly(aryl ether)s, polybenzoxazines, benzocyclobutene resins, polyolefins, cyanate ester resins, epoxy resins, and more. Additionally, the research investigates the impact of incorporating POSS on improving the thermal properties, mechanical properties, surface properties, and other aspects of these polymers. The entire study is divided into two parts, discussing systematically the role of POSS in reducing dielectric constants during the preparation of POSS composites using both physical blending and chemical synthesis methods. The goal of this research is to provide valuable strategies for designing a new generation of low dielectric constant materials suitable for large‐scale integrated circuits in the semiconductor materials domain.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

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Risk assessment of polyarylether polymerization process

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Research on the Risk of Thermal Runaway in the Industrial Process of Styrene Solution Polymerization

Research on the Risk of Thermal Runaway in the Industrial Process of Styrene Solution Polymerization

Process safety assessment of semibatch nitration of naphthalene with mixed acid to 1‐nitronaphthalene

The Recent Advances of Polymer–POSS Nanocomposites With Low Dielectric Constant

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