“…In 2010, the financial crisis investigation committee defined a shadow bank as a financial institution, which is outside the traditional commercial banking system, engages in financial activities, which are similar to banks' activities and is not or less regulated. In recent years, researchers mainly focus on the operating activities of shadow banks, and they find that it mainly has five characteristics, namely, high leverage (Istiak, 2019), maturity mismatch (Gao et al, 2018), low transparency (Maryam et al, 2018), regulatory arbitrage (Wang and Li, 2020) and high potential risk (S aiz et al, 2019). There are two typical characteristics of shadow bank in Europe and the USA, namely, one, shadow bank is a transaction behavior between product innovation and financial market, the core of which is asset securitization; two, shadow bank is a product of the proliferation of financial innovation and the oversupply of financial services in the context of easy monetary policy and less regulation, and it is a reflection of excessive financial development ).…”