Risk estimates of hepatocellular carcinoma in Vojvodina (Serbia) related to aflatoxin M1 contaminated cheese

Torović, Ljilja; Popov, Nenad; Baloš, Milica Živkov; Jakšić, Sandra

doi:10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104122

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This might be due to the water-soluble nature of AFM1 and its affinity to form a hydrophobic bond with the hydrophobic part of casein that is subsequently concentrated in cheese [39]. Furthermore, the AFM1 concentration in soft cheeses was generally 2.5-3.3 times higher, and in hard cheeses, 3.9-5.8 times higher, than in the milk from which the cheeses were made [34,37,40]. Most studies have reported that AFM1 concentrations in milk products are strongly dependent on the AFM1 concentrations in milk, and hence milk concentrations could be a good predictor of the AFM1 concentration in cheese and whey.…”

Section: Prevalence Of Afm1 In Milk and Milk-based Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 for Children Aged 1 to 9 Years Old in Serbia

et al. 2021

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The present study was conducted to estimate the exposure and characterize the risk for the child population of Serbia to Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) from milk and milk-based food. A total of 3404 samples comprising milk and different milk-based food samples were collected from various regions of Serbia from 2017 to 2019. Evaluation of AFM1 exposure was carried out using the deterministic method, whereas risk characterization was evaluated using the margin of exposure (MOE) and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Detection rates for AFM1 in milk and milk-based food samples ranged between 2% and 79%, with the highest incidence (79%) and mean level (22.34 ± 0.018 ng kg−1) of AFM1 being detected in pasteurized and UHT milk. According to the three consumption estimates, the values of estimated daily intake (EDI) were higher for toddlers as compared with children aged 3–9 years. Children aged 1–3 years had the highest risk of exposure to AFM1 in milk, with an estimated daily intake of 0.164 and 0.193 ng kg−1 bw day−1 using lower bound (LB) and upper bound (UB) exposure scenarios, respectively. Such difference could result from the higher consumption to weight in younger children. Based on the estimated daily intake (EDI) found in this study, the risk of AFM1 exposure due to consumption of milk and milk-based food was low since the MOE values obtained were > 10,000. In addition, the risk of HCC cases/year/105 individuals of different age groups showed that the value of HCC, using potency estimates of 0.0017 (mean), was maximum (0.00034) in the age group 1–3 years, which indicates no health risk for the evaluated groups. The present study revealed the importance of controlling and preventing AFM1 contamination in milk through continuous monitoring and regular inspection to reduce the risk of AFM1 exposure, especially in children.

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Section: Prevalence Of Afm1 In Milk and Milk-based Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 for Children Aged 1 to 9 Years Old in Serbia

et al. 2021

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“…Regarding the instrumental analysis, ELISA was the technique that is the most often used for quantitative analysis of mycotoxins (Kos et al, 2013;Kos et al, 2014a;Kos et al, 2014b;Tomašević et al, 2015;Kos et al, 2017;Torović, Popov, Živković-Baloš & Jakšić, 2021). Very often an additional confirmation step was introduced to confirm the concentrations determined by ELISA (Udovicki et al, 2021;Torović et al, 2021). UHPLC-MS/MS was the second technique of choice for mycotoxins determination in food matrices (Škrbić et al, 2011;Škrbić et al, 2012;Škrbić et al, 2013;Kos et al, 2020).…”

Section: Occurrence Of Mycotoxins In Foodstuffs From Serbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the presence of AFM1 in milk and dairy products after the aflatoxins crisis which was happened in 2013 numerous studies were published (Kos et al, 2014b;Škrbić et al, 2014;Škrbić et al, 2015;Tomašević et al, 2015;Torović et al, 2021) dealing with the determination of AFM1 in these products. As already mentioned prolonged drought during the spring and summer of 2012 affected the contamination of maize by AFs and consequently the contamination of milk and dairy products.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Mycotoxins In Foodstuffs From Serbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, cheese and other dairy products are not included in the Serbian regulation. The studies dealing with the determination of AFM1 in milk products are also conducted after the outbreak with mycotoxins that happened in 2013 (Tomašević et al, 2015;Škrbić et al, 2015;Torović et al, 2021). In the study published by Škrbić et al, (2015) the presence of AFM1 was investigated in commercial and homemade white and hard cheeses.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Mycotoxins In Foodstuffs From Serbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the AFM1 was determined in homemade cheese samples (in 10 out of 21 analyzed samples), all the quantified concentrations were lower than 0.250 µg/kg. Cheese contamination with the AFM1 was also investigated in the period 2019-2020, where 60 domestic and imported cheese samples were analyzed (Torović et al, 2021). In 75% of soft and semihard and 43% of hard cheeses samples, the concentrations of AFM1 were higher than 0.025 (Maximum Detection Level, MDL) µg/kg.…”

Section: Occurrence Of Mycotoxins In Foodstuffs From Serbiamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review of occurrence of mycotoxins in Serbian food items in the period from 2005 to 2022

Živančev¹,

Antić²,

Buljovčić³

et al. 2022

Food & Feed Res

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This paper aimed to review the publications on mycotoxins' presence in cereals and foodstuffs originated from the Serbian market covering the period from 2005 to 2022. The review covers all the important steps in mycotoxins analysis including sampling, sample preparation, instrumental analysis, and concentration ranges in which the mycotoxins were found. Also, the results were interpreted from the European Union regulation point of view. The review emphasizes the importance of multi-mycotoxins analysis for determining the simultaneous presence of mycotoxins that can negatively affect the Serbian human population. The most frequently used instrumental technique in the mycotoxin analysis of Serbian products was the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay followed by the Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Most of the studies undertaken in Serbia until now investigated a few groups of matrices such as wheat, maize, milk, and dairy products. Only a few studies involved specific matrices such as nuts, dried fruits, biscuits, cookies, and spices. The review showed that contamination of milk and dairy products with aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), occurred at the very beginning of 2013, was the major health issue related to the population health. The contamination of milk and dairy products with the AFM1 was a consequence of maize contamination with aflatoxins which occurred in the year 2012, characterized by drought conditions. The studies dealing with the analysis of masked and emerging mycotoxins are rare and more attention should be paid to monitoring the presence of these types of mycotoxins in foodstuffs from Serbia.

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Aflatoxin detection technologies: recent advances and future prospects

Liu

Jiang

Yao

et al. 2023

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Risk estimates of hepatocellular carcinoma in Vojvodina (Serbia) related to aflatoxin M1 contaminated cheese

Cited by 10 publications

References 27 publications

Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 for Children Aged 1 to 9 Years Old in Serbia

Dietary Exposure and Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 for Children Aged 1 to 9 Years Old in Serbia

Review of occurrence of mycotoxins in Serbian food items in the period from 2005 to 2022

Aflatoxin detection technologies: recent advances and future prospects

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