Risk Factor of Cardiovascular Disease Among Older Individuals

Yatsuya, Hiroshi; Matsunaga, Masaaki; Li, Yuanying; Ota, Atsuhiko

doi:10.5551/jat.ed064

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In our study, 46.82% and 37.27% of the participants were found in the age group of ≥65 and 45-64 years, respectively. This result is similar with the finding reported from the Shashamane Hospital, Ethiopia [11].The possible justification is an increment of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, the two important risk factors, for cardiovascular disorder in general and stroke in particular, among patients greater than 45 years [ 25 ]. However, different from the study conducted in Black Lion Hospital, where about one third of the patients were under 34 years [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Treatment Outcome and Its Determinants among Patients Admitted to Stroke Unit of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Zewudie

Regasa

Hambisa

et al. 2020

Stroke Research and Treatment

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Background. Stroke is a public health problem in Ethiopia. Despite the high prevalence of stroke in Ethiopia, there is a paucity of data with regard to drug treatment, treatment outcome, and risk factors of poor treatment outcome of stroke. Hence, this study is aimed at assessing treatment outcome and its determinants among patients admitted to stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Center (JUMC). Methods. A two-year hospital-based retrospective cross-sectional study was employed to analyze the medical records of patients admitted with stroke to stroke unit of Jimma University Medical Centre from February 1st, 2016 to March 30th, 2018. Data was entered by Epidata manager version 4.0.2 and analyzed by SPSS version 24. Multivariable logistic regression analysis with the backward stepwise approach was done to identify independent predictors of poor treatment outcome of stroke. Variables with P value less than 0.05 were considered as statically significant determinants of poor treatment outcome. Results. Of 220 patients with stroke admitted to the Jimma University, 67.30% were male. Nearly two thirds (63.18%) of them had poor treatment outcomes. Dyslipidimics were administered to 60% of the patients, and the most popular antiplatelet used was aspirin, which was prescribed to 67.3% the patients. Age ≥ 65 adjusted odd ratio ((AOR): 2.56; 95% CI: 1.95-9.86, P = 0.001 ), presence of comorbidity (AOR: 5.25; 95% CI: 1.08-17.69, P < 0.001 ), admission with hemorrhagic stroke (AOR: 18.99; 95% CI: 7.05-42.07, P < 0.001 ), and admission to the hospital after 24 hour of stroke onset (AOR: 4.98; 95% CI: 1.09-21.91, P = 0.03 ) were independent predictors of poor treatment outcomes. Conclusion. Substantial numbers of stroke patients had poor treatment outcomes. Elderly patients, patients diagnosed with hemorrhagic stroke, patients with comorbidity, and those with delayed hospital admission were more likely to have poor treatment outcome. Hence, frequent monitoring and care should be given for the aforementioned patients. Awareness creation on the importance of early admission should be delivered particularly for patients who have risk factors of stroke (cardiovascular diseases).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Treatment Outcome and Its Determinants among Patients Admitted to Stroke Unit of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Zewudie

Regasa

Hambisa

et al. 2020

Stroke Research and Treatment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), CVD accounts for the majority of deaths from noncommunicable diseases [ 2 ]. Diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and smoking are recognized as important risk factors for cardiovascular disease [ 3 , 4 ]. Insulin resistance is the main feature and has a significant pathogenic link to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tan

Huang

Zhao

et al. 2022

Cardiovasc Diabetol

146

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Background The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a new alternative measure for insulin resistance. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the associations of the TyG index with the risks of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in the general population. Methods The PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase databases were searched for randomized controlled trials or observational cohort studies reporting associations of the TyG index with cardiovascular diseases and mortality from inception to April 16, 2022. Effect sizes were pooled using random-effects models. Robust error meta-regression methods were applied to fit nonlinear dose–response associations. Evidence quality levels and recommendations were assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system (GRADE). Results Twelve cohort studies (6 prospective and 6 retrospective cohorts) involving 6,354,990 participants were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the lowest TyG index category, the highest TyG index was related to a higher incidence of coronary artery disease (CAD) (3 studies; hazard ratio [HR] = 2.01; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68–2.40; I2 = 0%), myocardial infarction (MI) (2 studies; HR = 1.36; 95% CI 1.18–1.56; I2 = 35%), and composite cardiovascular disease (CVD) (5 studies; HR = 1.46; 95% CI 1.23–1.74; I2 = 82%). However, there was no association between the TyG index and mortality (cardiovascular mortality [3 studies; HR = 1.10; 95% CI 0.82–1.47; I2 = 76%] or all-cause mortality [4 studies; HR = 1.08; 95% CI 0.92–1.27; I2 = 87%]). In the dose–response analysis, there was a linear association of the TyG index with the risk of CAD (Pnonlinear = 0.3807) or CVD (Pnonlinear = 0.0612). GRADE assessment indicated very low certainty for CVD, MI, cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality, and moderate certainty for CAD. Conclusions Based on our current evidence, a higher TyG index may be associated with an increased incidence of CAD (moderate certainty), MI (very low certainty) and CVD (very low certainty) in the general population. There is a potential linear association of the TyG index with CAD and the composite CVD incidence. Further prospective studies (especially in non-Asians) are needed to confirm our findings.

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“…We ran two models including the basic model (model 1) that was adjusted for age and sex, and the fully adjusted model (model 2) that was further adjusted for ethnicity (white or others), TDI, education (degree or no degree), BMI, physical activity (<500 or ≥500 MET-min/week), smoking status (never, former or current), alcohol consumption (never, former or current), vegetable and fruit consumptions (<2.0, 2.0–3.9 or ≥4.0 pieces/day or tablespoons/day), maternal smoking (yes or no), and following variables which were reported as present or absent, including breastfed as a baby, part of multiple birth, aspirin use, non-aspirin NSAID use, vitamin supplements use, mineral and other dietary supplements use, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia. These factors were included because were well-known to be associated with the risk of developing CVD ( 13 , 14 ), or commonly included in multivariate models for the outcomes ( 15 , 16 ). Furthermore, with birth weight as a continuous exposure variable, we used restricted cubic splines with five knots at 5th, 27.5th, 50th, 72.5th, and 95th percentiles to evaluate the potential non-linear effect of birth weight on CVD incidence in the fully adjusted model ( 17 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth Weight and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Report From the Large Population-Based UK Biobank Cohort Study

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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BackgroundBirth weight has been reported to be associated with the risk of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD); however, the relationship remains inconclusive. Here, we aimed to prospectively assess the associations between birth weight and CVD risk using the data from UK Biobank, a large-scale, prospective cohort study.MethodsWe included 270,297 participants who were free of CVD at baseline and reported their birth weight for analyses. The primary outcome was incident CVD. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for outcomes were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounding variables.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 8.07 years (IQR: 7.4–8.7 years), 10,719 incident CVD events were recorded. The HRs for low birth weight vs. normal birth weight (2.5–4.0 kg) were 1.23 (95% CI: 1.09–1.38) for risk of incident CVD, 1.52 (95% CI: 1.18–1.95) for stroke, 1.33 (95% CI: 1.07–1.64) for myocardial infarction, and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01–1.32) for CHD. For the ones with low birth weight, the risk of CVD is reduced by 11% for every kilogram of birth weight gain. The association of low birth weight with CVD was stronger among those younger than 55 years (p = 0.001). No association between high birth weight and risk of cardiovascular outcomes was found.ConclusionLow birth weight was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. These findings highlight the longstanding consequence of low birth weight on cardiovascular system.

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Risk Factor of Cardiovascular Disease Among Older Individuals

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Treatment Outcome and Its Determinants among Patients Admitted to Stroke Unit of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Treatment Outcome and Its Determinants among Patients Admitted to Stroke Unit of Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia

Relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index and risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in the general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Birth Weight and the Risk of Cardiovascular Outcomes: A Report From the Large Population-Based UK Biobank Cohort Study

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