Risk factor profile of oral cancer patients in North East India

Taranikanti, Madhuri; Das, B N

doi:10.7439/ijbr.v4i11.348

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In India, usage of smokeless tobacco is more rampant than smoking tobacco. [2] Population-based registry in India has reported that more than 50% of the cancers are related to tobacco consumption. [5] The oral consequences of consuming either smoked or smokeless tobacco range from staining of teeth and periodontal problems to potentially malignant disorders which can turn into lifethreatening oral cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In India, tobacco usage is responsible for 1.5 lakh cancers every year, and 2500 persons die every day due to tobacco-related diseases. [2] The deaths attributable to tobacco are expected to rise up to 13.3% by 2020. [3] Although there are many attempts to create public awareness about ill effects of tobacco since years, India is the second largest producer and the second largest consumer of tobacco in the world after China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] It is reported that there are more than 250 million smokers and almost same number of tobacco chewers in the South East Asian region. [2] Presently, India has more than 200 million tobacco users, [5] and the use of oral smokeless tobacco is the major form of tobacco addiction. Oral smokeless tobacco products are highly addictive and known to cause cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] The government spends billions of rupees annually in both public and private on the treatment of tobacco-related illnesses which accounts for one-fourth of health budget. [6] As tobacco being the single most avoidable risk factor for cancer prevention, [2] in the year 2003, The Government of India notified a comprehensive tobacco control legislation titled "The Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA)." [4] Under this Act, Karnataka is the 26 th state to ban sale, manufacture, storage, and distribution of gutkha and paan masala on 31 st May 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gutkha ban - A myth?

Kokila¹,

Bharateesh²

2016

JCRI

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Background: Gutkha contains harmful and carcinogenic chemicals. The government of Karnataka banned the manufacture, storage, distribution, and sale of gutkha and paan masala on 31 st May 2013. Objectives: The objective of the present study was to know the impact and awareness of gutkha ban after 2 ½ years on self-reported gutkha users among migrant workers in Tumkur city, Karnataka. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among self-reported gutkha using migrant workers in and around Tumkur city. The migrant workers working in construction sites such as roads and buildings were interviewed. Results: The study was conducted among 124 migrant construction workers of which 98 were male and 26 were female aged between 18 and 57 years. 16 (12.90%) of them reported to have quit the habit of chewing gutkha after the ban. These 16 people who reported to have quit the use of gutkha were using other forms of tobacco with three resorting to smoking and 13 using khaini. Conclusion: Despite the ban persons with a habit of tobacco usage had not quit the tobacco. The call of the hour is to educate and reinforce the ill effects of gutkha among its users along with the regulatory approach. If the ban has to be effectively implemented, "chewing tobacco" must also be brought under the ambit of the Act and its sale must be regulated or banned.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gutkha ban - A myth?

Kokila¹,

Bharateesh²

2016

JCRI

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“…Cases due to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infections have also been on the rise in recent years ( Chaturvedi et al, 2011 ). The higher incidence rates of oropharyngeal cancer in India, especially in northeast India ( Dikshit et al, 2012 ), has been correlated to their specific dietary and lifestyle habits such as chewing of betel nut, consumption and exposure to smokeless tobacco ( Taranikanti and Das, 2015 ; Adhikari and De, 2016 ). It has also been found to be more prevalent among poor socio-economic groups, lower educational and lower income groups ( Sharma et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Genome DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiling of Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients in North-Eastern India: Identification of Epigenetically Altered Gene Expression Reveals Potential Biomarkers

et al. 2020

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Oropharyngeal cancer is a subtype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma that is associated with unique risk exposures like consumption of smokeless tobacco and areca nut and is highly prevalent in the northeastern region of India, especially Meghalaya. However, the underlying epigenetic and transcriptomic changes in this cancer type is yet to be delineated. We have undertaken a study on genome wide somatic alterations in the DNA methylation and transcriptome in oropharyngeal cancer patients from this region using genome wide techniques in paired tumors and adjacent normal tissues. By using integrative approaches, we have identified 194 epigenetically silenced and 241 epigenetically overexpressed genes in the tumor tissue of these patients. Pathways that are significantly enriched by these genes include the pathways of immune systems, such as the interleukin signaling pathways and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. Also, osteoclast differentiation pathway was found to be epigenetically upregulated. The pathways enriched by the epigenetically downregulated genes were found to be predominantly those involved in xenobiotic metabolism and keratinization. Two major transcription factors – SPI1 and RUNX1 were identified as epigenetically dysregulated, which further modulates 129 downstream genes. Comparison of our observations with the head and neck cancer data from TCGA revealed distinct DNA methylation and gene expression landscapes which might be specific for oropharyngeal cancer. HPV DNA sequences were not detected in any of the tumor samples in RNA-Seq data. The results obtained in this study might provide improved understanding of the disease.

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Cross-sectional Study on Prevalence of Betel Nut Chewing among the Youth of Meghalaya, North East Region of India: Development of Multifaceted Prevention Strategy

Snigdha

Bajwa

Anand

et al. 2021

APJHS

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Introduction: Betel (Areca) nut intake, one of the most common oral chewing habits in the world, has been linked to the development of oral cancer, with India having an alarming situation with the highest number of registered oral cancer cases in the world. Method: A cross-sectional analysis was done among the young population of Meghalaya in the North Eastern Region of India, where this habit is prevalent. A questionnaire for on-ground data collection was administered to a total of n = 315 participants of both sexes from institutions in and near Shillong, Meghalaya. The relationship of this habit with social structure, knowledge, attitude, and risk perception was done. Result: A high prevalence rate of 78.09% was found among the school and undergraduate students from Shillong urban and adjoining rural areas for betel nut (BN) chewing with a higher female to male BN chewing ratio. This habit usually starts at the school level and persists for life. Peer pressure, lack of awareness, habituated families, and strong cultural linkage encourage children and adolescents to start chewing BN at an age as early as of 10 years. Lack of adequate awareness programs highlighting the ill-effects of BN and associated masticatory substances adds to the problem. Conclusion: Strategic, structured region-specific multifaceted awareness programs highlighting the potential health risks from uncontrolled, habitual usage of Areca nut has been proposed to prevent initiation of this habit.

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Risk factor profile of oral cancer patients in North East India

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

Gutkha ban - A myth?

Gutkha ban - A myth?

Whole Genome DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiling of Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients in North-Eastern India: Identification of Epigenetically Altered Gene Expression Reveals Potential Biomarkers

Cross-sectional Study on Prevalence of Betel Nut Chewing among the Youth of Meghalaya, North East Region of India: Development of Multifaceted Prevention Strategy

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