Risk Factors and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Ocular Candidiasis

Sakamoto, Terufumi; Gotoh, Kenji; Hashimoto, Kenyu; Tanamachi, Chiyoko; Watanabe, Hiroshi

doi:10.3390/jof8050497

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Diabetes was previously reported to cases of ocular candidiasis. 44 Interestingly, we found statistical strength between endogenous ocular changes in SF sporotrichosis in individuals with diabetes and/or HIV. Due to a possible hematogenous dissemination of the fungus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Clinical factors associated with systemic sporotrichosis in Brazil

Magalhães,

Colombo,

Peres

et al. 2023

Mycoses

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BackgroundSystemic sporotrichosis occurs when organs, other than subcutaneous tissues and lymph nodes, are infected. Interestingly, systemic sporotrichosis in apparently immunocompetent individuals is increasing in Brazil, but data on clinical manifestations and risk factors are scarce. Most of the existing data on such condition relate to people living with HIV. We aimed to study the risk factors associated with systemic sporotrichosis among HIV‐negative and HIV‐positive patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cross‐sectional study with 80 patients from Brazil, diagnosed between 2014 and 2021. The association between disease classification, clinical presentation and risk factors were analysed by logistic regression.ResultsOf the 80 patients, 29 (36.3%) presented with systemic sporotrichosis. All HIV‐positive patients developed the systemic form, with increased mortality (p = .002). Alcohol ingestion (p = .009) and diabetes (p = .010) were associated with systemic disease. Alcohol ingestion seemed to favour pulmonary infection (p = .013) and, diabetes favoured osteoarticular (p = .009) and ocular involvement (p = .033). The occurrence of fever (p = .001) and weight loss (p = .006) were significantly associated with systemic sporotrichosis, while meningeal involvement (p = .001) increased mortality risk. Nine (11.3%) patients died from sporotrichosis. The presence of fungal structures in the mycological examination of the patients' lesions were associated with the systemic form (p = .017) and death (p = .002).ConclusionOur study points to the factors that drive systemic sporotrichosis other than HIV, such as alcohol ingestion and diabetes. Considering the high number of patients presenting severe sporotrichosis, the recognising these factors may contribute to timely diagnosis and proper treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Clinical factors associated with systemic sporotrichosis in Brazil

Magalhães,

Colombo,

Peres

et al. 2023

Mycoses

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“…The Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of the main types of fungal eye infections. C. albicans is the most frequently detected organism in Candida infections, although some studies report an important increase in non-albicans Candida [32].…”

Section: Son Et Al Have Analyzed All Episodes Of Candidemia In Adult ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…C. albicans is the most frequently detected organism in Candida infections, although some studies report an important increase in non- albicans Candida [ 32 ].…”

Section: Fungal Ocular Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Candida Biofilm Eye Infection: Main Aspects and Advance in Novel Agents as Potential Source of Treatment

et al. 2023

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Fungi represent a very important cause of microbial eye infections, especially in tropical and developing countries, as they could cause sight-threating disease, such as keratitis and ocular candidiasis, resulting in irreversible vision loss. Candida species are among the most frequent microorganisms associated with fungal infection. Although Candida albicans is still the most frequently detected organism among Candida subspecies, an important increase in non-albicans species has been reported. Mycotic infections often represent an important diagnostic-clinical problem due to the difficulties in performing the diagnosis and a therapeutic problem due to the limited availability of commercial drugs and the difficult penetration of antifungals into ocular tissues. The ability to form biofilms is another feature that makes Candida a dangerous pathogen. In this review, a summary of the state-of-the-art panorama about candida ocular pathology, diagnosis, and treatment has been conducted. Moreover, we also focused on new prospective natural compounds, including nanoparticles, micelles, and nanocarriers, as promising drug delivery systems to better cure ocular fungal and biofilm-related infections. The effect of the drug combination has also been examined from the perspective of increasing efficacy and improving the course of infections caused by Candida which are difficult to fight.

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“…Their findings reveal that C. albicans infection, an unremoved central venous catheter (CVC), and a high (1,3)-β-D-glucan value were associated with ocular candidiasis. In addition, unremoved CVC was detected as an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality [ 27 ].…”

Section: Fungal Eye Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%