Risk factors and dynamics of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cattle farms: An observational study combining information from questionnaires, spatial data and molecular analyses

Tamminen, Lena-Mari; Söderlund, Robert; Wilkinson, David A.; Torsein, Maria; Eriksson, Erik; Churakov, Mikhail; Dicksved, Johan; Keeling, Linda J.; Emanuelson, Ulf

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104726

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The finding is consistent with other studies conducted elsewhere [26,27]. The positive association of the existence of high-density reservoir animals as a predictor of infection [28,29] and the higher probability of rural residents to have animal contact with the predictor of rural residence for childhood diarrhea in this age group [30,31] might support the finding.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and associated factors in under-five children in Eastern Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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Background Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli O157:H7) is one of the most potent zoonotic pathogens that causes mild diarrhea and leads to hemolytic uremic syndrome or death. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of E. coli O157:H7 related to diarrhea among under-five children with acute diarrhea. Methods A cross-sectional study design was carried out in 2018 on 378 under-five-year children recruited randomly from hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. Stool specimens were collected and processed using enrichment, differential and selective medium. Among isolates, E. coli O157:H7 was confirmed using latex test (Oxoid, Basingstoke, Hants, England). Factors associated with E. coli O157:H7 infection were identified using binary and multivariable logistic regression. Associations were reported by odds ratio with 95% confidence interval. Results The prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 related diarrhea was 15.3% (95%CI: 11.8–19.5). The E. coli O157:H7 infection was positively associated with rural residence (AOR;3.75, 95%CI:1.26–11.20), consumption of undercooked meat (AOR;3.95, 95%CI: 1.23–12.67), raw vegetables and/or fruit juice (AOR;3.37, 95%CI:1.32–8.62), presence of bloody diarrhea (AOR;4.42, 95% CI:1.78–10.94), number of under-five children in a household (AOR;7.16, 95%CI: 2.90–17.70), presence of person with diarrhea in a household (AOR;4.22, 95% CI: 1.84–12.69), owning domestic animal (AOR;3.87, 95% CI: 1.48–10.12) and uneducated mother (AOR;3.14, 95%CI: 1.05–9.42). Conclusion The Prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 related diarrhea among under-five children is relatively high in Eastern Ethiopia. The E. coli infection was associated with sanitation and hygiene in a household. Thus, education focused on food cooking and handling, child care, and household sanitation associated with animal manure in rural resident children are helpful in.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and associated factors in under-five children in Eastern Ethiopia

et al. 2021

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“…The nding is consistent with other studies conducted elsewhere [26,27]. The positive association in the existence of high-density reservoir animals as a predictor of infection [28,29] and the higher probability of rural residents to have animal contact there by the predictor of rural residence for childhood diarrhea in this age group [30,31] might support the nding.…”

Section: Sociodemographic Characteristicssupporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Associated Factors in Under-five Children in Eastern Ethiopia

Getaneh

Hordofa

Ayana

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Escherichia coli O157:H7 is one of the most potent zoonotic pathogens that causes mild diarrhea and leads to hemolytic uremic syndrome or death. This study was aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of Escherichia coli O157:H7 related to diarrhea among under-five children with acute diarrhea. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was carried out in 2018 on 378 under-five-year children recruited randomly from Hospitals in Eastern Ethiopia. Stool specimens were collected and processed using enrichment, differential and selective medium. Among isolates, Escherichia coli O157:H7 was confirmed using latex test (Oxoid, Basingstoke, Hants, England). Factors associated with E. coli O157:H7 infection were identified using binary and multivariable logistic regression. Associations were reported by odds ratio with 95 % confidence interval. Results: Magnitude of E. coli O157:H7 related diarrhea was 15.3% (95%CI: 11.8-19.5). The E.coli infection was positively associated with rural residence (AOR;3.75, 95%CI:1.26-11.20), consumption of undercooked meat (AOR;3.95, 95%CI: 1.23-12.67), raw vegetables and/or fruit juice (AOR;3.37, 95%CI:1.32-8.62), presence of bloody diarrhea (AOR;4.42, 95% CI:1.78-10.94), number of under-five children in a household (AOR;7.16, 95%CI: 2.90-17.70), presence of person with diarrhea in a household (AOR;4.22, 95% CI: 1.84-12.69), owning domestic animal (AOR;3.87, 95% CI: 1.48-10.12) and uneducated mother (AOR;3.14, 95%CI: 1.05-9.42).Conclusion: The magnitude of E. coli O157:H7 related diarrhea among under-five children is relatively high in Eastern Ethiopia. The E. coli infection was associated with sanitation and hygiene in a household. Thus, education focused on food cooking and handling, child care and household sanitation associated with animal manure in rural resident children are helpful it.

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“…1). Between-farm contacts (such as transporting animals together, animal contact on pasture, sharing manure spreader, and farmers visiting each other) are also common on the island (Tamminen et al 2019). Additionally, €…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cattle are asymptomatic carriers of thermotolerant Campylobacter and may shed the bacteria intermittently in the faeces (Hakkinen and H€ anninen 2009;Ramonait_ e et al 2013;Tang et al 2017). This means that Campylobacter spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in Swedish calves, common sequence types and antibiotic resistance patterns

et al. 2020

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Aims: Cattle are the second most important cause of human campylobacteriosis, after poultry, but there are knowledge gaps regarding Campylobacter in cattle. This study examined the occurrence of Campylobacter, the species present, sequence types and antibiotic resistance in Swedish cattle. Methods and Results: Faeces samples collected from 154 calves on seven Swedish farms, and 69 follow-up samples from a second collection occasion, were analysed. Campylobacter were isolated from 77% of calves at the first sampling, with Campylobacter jejuni as the most frequently isolated species. Animals kept on deep straw bedding were less likely to be colonized with Campylobacter. Whole-genome sequencing of 90 C. jejuni samples resulted in 11 sequence types, among which ST-19 and ST-21 were most frequent. Antimicrobial resistance analyses showed that 46% of 142 isolates analysed were resistant to quinolones, while all isolates belonging to ST-19, ST-22 and ST-441 were resistant to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid. Conclusions: Campylobacter jejuni was the species most frequently isolated in calves and a strong association was found between sequence type and antimicrobial resistance pattern. Significance and Impact of the Study: The high proportion of calves with quinolone-resistant Campylobacter jejuni should be considered in a One Health perspective.

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Risk factors and dynamics of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cattle farms: An observational study combining information from questionnaires, spatial data and molecular analyses

Abstract: Ulf Emanuelson. (2019) Risk factors and dynamics of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli O157:H7 on cattle farms: An observational study combining information from questionnaires, spatial data and molecular analyses.

Cited by 9 publications

References 46 publications

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and associated factors in under-five children in Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and associated factors in under-five children in Eastern Ethiopia

Prevalence of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 and Associated Factors in Under-five Children in Eastern Ethiopia

Occurrence of Campylobacter spp. in Swedish calves, common sequence types and antibiotic resistance patterns

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