Risk factors and prevalence of taeniasis among the Karen people of Tha Song Yang District, Tak Province, Thailand

Kusolsuk, Teera; Chaisiri, Kittipong; Poodeepiyasawad, Akkarin; Sanguankiat, Surapol; Homsuwan, Nirundorn; Yanagida, Tetsuya; Okamoto, Masanori; Watthanakulpanich, Dorn; Waikagul, Jitra; Dekumyoy, Paron; Komalamisra, Chalit; Itō, Akira

doi:10.1051/parasite/2021041

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The egg-based Kato-Katz (KK) technique is the most frequently used method to diagnose helminth infections, especially for STH in Southeast Asia and Thailand [8][9][10][11]13]. This technique is recommended by WHO for diagnosis and monitoring large-scale treatment programmes implemented for STH infection [14], as it is a relatively low-cost, standardized tool that is easy to perform in low-resource field settings [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Kato-Katz and multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction performance for clinical helminth infections in Thailand using a latent class analysis

Rotejanaprasert,

Chuaicharoen,

Prada

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Using an appropriate diagnostic tool is essential to soil-transmitted helminth control and elimination efforts. Kato-Katz (KK) is the most commonly used diagnostic, but recently other tools, such as real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (multiplex qPCR), are starting to be employed more. Here, we evaluated the performance of these two diagnostic tools for five helminth species in Thailand. In the absence of a gold standard, diagnostic performance can be evaluated using latent class analysis. Our results suggest that in moderate to high prevalence settings above 2% multiplex qPCR could be more sensitive than KK, this was particularly apparent for Opisthorchis viverrini in the northeastern provinces. However, for low prevalence, both diagnostics suffered from low sensitivity. Specificity of both diagnostics was estimated to be high (above 70%) across all settings. For some specific helminth infection such as O. viverrini , multiplex qPCR is still a preferable choice of diagnostic test. KK performed equally well in detecting Ascaris lumbricoides and Taenia solium when the prevalence is moderate to high (above 2%). Neither test performed well when the prevalence of infection is low (below 2%), and certainly in the case for hookworm and Trichuris trichiura . Combination of two or more diagnostic tests can improve the performance although the cost would be high. Development of new methods for helminth surveillance at the pre-elimination phase is therefore very important. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Challenges and opportunities in the fight against neglected tropical diseases: a decade from the London Declaration on NTDs’.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Kato-Katz and multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction performance for clinical helminth infections in Thailand using a latent class analysis

Rotejanaprasert,

Chuaicharoen,

Prada

et al. 2023

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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“…This observation is consistent with previous reports from Vietnam and Thailand, which showed men had 2.8-and 4.0-times higher risk Taenia spp. infection than women, respectively [52,53]. The high infection rate in men indicate that men commonly consume more undercooked beef, pork, or pork visceral organs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Helminth infections and associated risk factors among adults in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Sayasone

Phonekeo

Vonglokham

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background Helminthiases are highly endemic in Southeast Asia including the Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). This study aimed to assess the current helminth infections prevalence among adults across Lao PDR and the associated risk factors. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 165 villages across 17 provinces and the Vientiane Capital, Lao PDR. A multi-stage sampling method was employed to select the adult study participants (≥ 18 years). Data collection followed the World Health Organization’s stepwise approach, which includes (i) the interview of the study participants, (ii) the physical assessments, and (iii) the stool sample collection. Analysis included the description of socio-demographic characteristics and infection status of helminth infections. Logistic regressions were applied to test the association between helminth infections and individual risk factors. A P-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results From 2,800 enrolled study participants, 57.8% were female. Average age was 45.4 years. Fecal analysis detected Opisthorchis viverrini in 18.8%, hookworm in 21.6% Strongyloides in 4.8%, Ascaris lumbricoides in 2.3%, Trichuris trichiura in 1.5% of and Taenia sp. in 3.3% of study participants. O. viverrini was of high prevalence in the southern (28.8%) and central (21.3%), while hookworm (26.3%), A. lumbricoides (7.3%), T. trichiura (3.1%), and Taenia spp. (4.2%) were prevalent in the northern provinces. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that males were more likely to be infected with hookworm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–1.4). The Lao-Tai ethnic group had a 5.2-times (95% CI: 4.6–5.8) higher chance of having O. viverrini infections than the minorities. Possession of the toilet facility at home prevented helminth infections, e.g., O. viverrini (aOR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.5), hookworm (aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7), S. stercoralis (aOR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.5–0.7), A. lumbricoides (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8), T. trichiura (aOR = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.6–0.8), and Taenia spp. (aOR = 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.7). Conclusions Our study provides the first nationwide assessment of intestinal helminth infection among adults in Lao PDR. It provides critical information for guidance to the national helminth control program in Lao PDR.

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“…The nationwide survey in 2014 revealed 0.7% national prevalence with 1.6% in the northeast [16]. However, the prevalence can be varied when spotting in different regions [18,39,46]. The lowering prevalence of this parasite in this area suggested that the risky behavior may not be famous or will be altered in the population habits in this region.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Current prevalence and geographic distribution of helminth infections in the parasitic endemic areas of rural Northeastern Thailand

et al. 2023

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Background Helminth infection is a global health issue that not only causes acute helminthiasis but long-term infection may lead to complicated symptoms as well as severe complications. The World Health Organization cooperated with the Ministry of Public Health in many countries, particularly where high prevalence, spending a lot of resources for limiting the infection. In Thailand, the incidence of parasitic helminth infections was continuously declined in the last few decades according to several campaigns for parasitic elimination. However, the rural community in the northeast of Thailand where the highest prevalence of the country still needs to be monitored. This present study aims to report the current prevalence of parasitic helminth infections in Nakhon Ratchasima and Chaiyaphum provinces where sharing a huge area of the northeastern region of Thailand but only a few studies have been published. Methods The stool specimens were collected from 11,196 volunteers and processed by modified Kato-Katz thick smear, PBS-ethyl acetate concentration techniques, and PCR. The epidemiological data were collected, analyzed, and used for generating of parasitic hotspots. Results The results indicated that O. viverrini remains the major parasite in this area with a total prevalence of 5.05% followed by Taenia spp., Hookworms, T. trichiura, and Echinostoma spp., respectively. Mueang district of Chaiyaphum province has the highest prevalence especially O. viverrini with a prevalence of 7.15% that higher than the latest national surveillance. Interestingly, the prevalence of O. viverrini was hugely reported (more than 10%) in five subdistricts. The geographic localization of O. viverrini infections revealed that a lot of water reservoirs such as the lakes or branches of the river in the two-most prevalent subdistricts. Our finding indicated that gender and age were insignificantly different. Conclusion This finding suggested that the parasitic helminth infection in the rural areas of northeast of Thailand remains high and the housing location is a major contributing factor for the parasitic infection.

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Risk factors and prevalence of taeniasis among the Karen people of Tha Song Yang District, Tak Province, Thailand

Cited by 6 publications

References 26 publications

Evaluation of Kato-Katz and multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction performance for clinical helminth infections in Thailand using a latent class analysis

Evaluation of Kato-Katz and multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction performance for clinical helminth infections in Thailand using a latent class analysis

Helminth infections and associated risk factors among adults in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Current prevalence and geographic distribution of helminth infections in the parasitic endemic areas of rural Northeastern Thailand

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