Risk Factors Associated with Carious Lesions in Permanent First Molars in Children: A Seven-Year Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the occurrence of caries in permanent teeth (PT) and in the permanent first molar (PFM) seven years after their eruption. Children born in 2005 who were enrolled in a Community Dental Program were included. A total of 278 children were enrolled. Evaluated risk factors were parental caries experience, educational level of the mother, routine medications, systemic diseases, dietary habits, toothbrushing frequency, existence of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in the PT, and caries in the temporary teeth (TT). Associations between independent variables and the DMF-T (decayed, missing, and filled teeth in PT) and DMF-M (DMF in PFM) indices, only considering cavitated and non-cavitated carious lesions or cavitated carious lesions as outcomes, were evaluated by Poisson regression with robust variance analysis. A cariogenic diet (sweets and soft drinks), toothbrushing frequency of <1 a day, a presence of df-t (decayed and filled temporary teeth) score of >0, low educational level of the mother, and existence of MIH were associated with high DMF-T or DMF-M values (p < 0.05). We can conclude that the intake of sweets and soft drinks, toothbrushing frequency, the presence of caries in TT, and MIH in PT were the best predictors of the occurrence of caries in PT and PFM.

Caries experience and associated risk factors in Venezuelan 6-12-year-old schoolchildren

“…For this sample, it was found that toothbrushing with fluoridated toothpastes once or more a day had a significant association (p = 0.035) and positive correlation with the AHS. This result is similar to that of the study of Llena et al 34 where it was found that toothbrushing with fluoridated toothpastes at least twice a day was associated with significantly lower values of DMFT. On the one hand, toothbrushing by itself is not as effective to control lesion progression 35 , nonetheless it is important to consider its effect on the disorganization and removal of the dental biofilm, which allows salivary clearance of accumulated harmful compounds (acids) and reduction of bacterial mass density.…”

Oral Health Status in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review

“…Carious lesions are formed due to changes occurring in the biofilm and thus disturbances in the neutral environment of the oral cavity, causing the demineralization of enamel [5]. Apart from the patient's hygiene and dietary habits, other factors, such as medication and systemic diseases, that may affect saliva secretion are also important in the development of caries [6]. Additionally, periodontal diseases with alveolar bone destruction appear as a result of dysbiosis, often in patients with an impaired host response [7].…”

Evaluation and Comparison of Oral Health Status between Spanish and Immigrant Children Residing in Barcelona, Spain

“…Among the pathologies found in the oral cavity, dental caries is the most prevalent, chronic, and non-communicable disease worldwide [ 7 , 8 , 9 ]. The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that 60–90% of children are affected by dental caries [ 10 ], with this being one of the main causes of premature tooth loss in children, causing damage to the primary dentition and future permanent dentition [ 7 , 11 ].…”

“…Caries is defined as a sugar-dependent disease that causes the destruction of dental tissue due to the presence of organic acids that are produced by cariogenic bacteria located in the dental biofilm, added to an imbalance in the remineralization and demineralization process over time [ 1 , 9 , 12 , 13 ]. In addition, other factors are involved in the development of new caries lesions and the progression of existing ones, such as the susceptibility of the host, dental hygiene, frequency of dental check-ups and behavioral, social and/or cultural factors [ 7 , 13 ]. It represents a public health problem and affects the quality of life of the child, and can cause problems in development, growth, and learning.…”

“…Children form part of the population that is especially susceptible to caries disease, and whether the child receives good oral care will depend largely on the parents and/or caregivers [ 14 ]. Studies [ 7 , 12 ] over the years have shown that the oral health of children is related to that of their parents, observing that those who have good oral health have children with better oral habits and better oral health. In addition, children who suffer caries in early childhood have serious consequences such as an increased risk of malocclusion and caries lesions in future permanent dentition [ 12 ].…”