Risk Factors Associated with Contamination of Raw Milk by Listeria monocytogenes in Dairy Farms

Sanaa, Moez; Poutrel, B.; Ménard, J; Serieys, F.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(93)77628-6

Cited by 134 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Feeding dairy cattle with improperly fermented silage was found to be significantly associated with contamination of bulk milk with L. monocytogenes (Sanaa et al, 1993). Listeria spp.…”

Section: Contamination Within Silage Balesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Antognoli et al (2009) reported that geographical location and herd size affected rates of L. monocytogenes contamination in bulk milk, with the risk of contamination increasing according the herd size. Cleanliness in the animal exercise area was also related to low levels of bulk milk contamination (Sanaa et al, 1993).…”

Section: Raw Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infected cows may shed L. monocytogenes in milk (Winter et al, 2004), being poor milking and barn hygiene important risk factors for raw milk contamination (Sanaa et al, 1993;Van Kessel et al, 2011). Hygienic milking practices involving udder and teat cleaning and disinfection can help reduce milk contamination.…”

Section: Raw Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review. Dairy farm management and production practices associated with the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and beef

Santorum

Garcia

López-Alonso

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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Human listeriosis is a severe foodborne disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes. It is a zoonosis that represents a significant concern for the food industry due to the high mortality rate it causes and the fact that the organism is capable of growing at refrigeration temperatures. Dairy products and ready-to-eat meats are among the foods most often involved in listeriosis outbreaks. Listeria is a common contaminant in the dairy environment, both on the farm and in the processing plant. The main sources of L. monocytogenes in dairy farms are manure and improperly fermented silage. If silage crops are grown on contaminated land, a new cycle of silage contamination and faecal shedding by ruminants that consume such silage may ensue. High loads of L. monocytogenes produced in farm environments may thus represent a primary source for the introduction of this pathogen into the human food supply chain; dairy cows would represent a reservoir for the bacterium, and raw milk and beef would represent the main vehicles for its transmission from dairy farms to humans. Even if contamination originates in post-processing environments, contaminated raw foods may still represent a vehicle for introducing L. monocytogenes into food processing plants. Molecular typing methods have confirmed that common strains of L. monocytogenes are present in dairy farm-associated isolates and isolates from both human epidemic and sporadic cases. Pre-harvest (on-farm) control of listeriosis should be based mainly on the control of manure, silage, herd health and milking practices.Additional key words: animal reservoir; dairy primary production; environmental sources; food vehicles; listeriosis. ResumenRevisión. Tipos de gestión y producción de las granjas de ganado vacuno lechero relacionados con la presencia de Listeria monocytogenes en la leche y la carne La listeriosis humana es una grave enfermedad transmitida por alimentos y causada por Listeria monocytogenes. Se trata de una zoonosis que supone una gran preocupación para la industria alimentaria debido a su alta tasa de mortalidad y al hecho de que el microorganismo es capaz de crecer a temperaturas de refrigeración. Listeria es un contaminante habitual en las granjas y plantas de productos lácteos. En las granjas las fuentes principales de L. monocytogenes son el estiércol y los ensilados mal fermentados. Si la cosecha utilizada para producir ensilados procede de campos contaminados, puede comenzar un nuevo ciclo de contaminación de los ensilados y liberación del patógeno en las heces de los animales. El ganado vacuno lechero representa uno de los principales reservorios de este microorganismo y la leche y la carne representarían los principales vehículos para su transmisión desde la granja de producción de leche al ser humano. Incluso cuando la contaminación del alimento procede de etapas posteriores al procesado, los alimentos crudos contaminados también representan uno de los vehículos de entrada de L. monocytogenes en las plan-

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“…Feeding dairy cattle with improperly fermented silage was found to be significantly associated with contamination of bulk milk with L. monocytogenes (Sanaa et al, 1993). Listeria spp.…”

Section: Contamination Within Silage Balesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Raw Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Review. Dairy farm management and production practices associated with the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and beef

Santorum

Garcia

López-Alonso

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The occurrence of listeriosis in sheep and goats has been associated with the feeding of silage contaminated with L. monocytogenes (43,45). Furthermore, there is evidence that poor-quality silage is one of the primary sources of contamination of raw milk by L. monocytogenes (33). The growth and survival of listeria in silage are dependent on the degree of anaerobiosis and on the pH.…”

Section: Listeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the quality of silage on animal health and food safety: A review

Driehuis¹,

Elferink²

2000

Veterinary Quarterly

157

137

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“…coli O157: H7 and Salmonella spp have also been the cause of udder infection in cows (Kousta et al, 2010;Sanaa, Poutrel, Menard, & Serieys, 1993). Incidence of pathogens in milk is also influenced by farm size, number of animals on the farm, hygiene, farm management practices, geographical location, and season (Oliver, Jayarao, & Almeida, 2005).…”

Section: Sources Of Cheese Contaminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Reduced Sodium Cheese on the Growth of Pathogenic Bacteria and Inactivation of Listeria Innocua Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction With Co2

Antunez¹

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Listeria monocytogenes continues to challenge the dairy industry in causing post-process contamination of cheeses. To reduce risk of contamination, it is crucial to understand the growth and survival of pathogenic bacteria in cheese products and to develop post-process mitigation strategies. This study evaluated the fate of pathogens in reduced and regular sodium Mozzarella cheese, and the potential of Supercritical Fluid Extraction with CO 2 (SFE) to reduce Listeria innocua on Mozzarella and Queso Fresco. The survival of L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, and E.coli O157:H7 (2-3 log CFU/g) in reduced sodium Mozzarella (1.62%), compared to regular sodium Mozzarella cheese (2.15%) at 4ºC and 12ºC for 90 and 30 days, respectively, was evaluated. Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 populations decreased over incubation time at both temperatures and no difference (p<0.05) in reduced and regular sodium Mozzarella cheese was observed. Listeria monocytogenes population also decreased during incubation time at 4°C regardless of the sodium concentration in Mozzarella cheese. However, there was a difference in the population of L. monocytogenes for regular and reduced sodium incubated 12°C, and its populations increased 1 log CFU/g in reduced sodium Mozzarella cheese. Additionally, this study determined the bactericidal effect of SFE on the population of L. innocua, a surrogate for L. monocytogenes, in Mozzarella and Queso Fresco cheese (6 log CFU/g) treated with SFE at two pressures and temperatures (120 bar at 40°C and 150 bar at 50°C) for 30 min. SFE treatment at 120 bar, 40°C for 30 min decreased L. innocua by approximately 3.0 and 3.5 log CFU/g in Mozzarella and Queso Fresco cheeses, respectively. SFE at 150 bar and 50°C reduced L. innocua by approximately 3.78 and 5.2 log CFU/g in Mozzarella and Queso Fresco cheeses, respectively. Since SFE had a minimal effect on the physico-chemical characteristics of the cheeses assayed, the results suggest SFE might be used to reduce L. monocytogenes in cheeses without negatively impacting product quality.

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Risk Factors Associated with Contamination of Raw Milk by Listeria monocytogenes in Dairy Farms

Cited by 134 publications

References 18 publications

Review. Dairy farm management and production practices associated with the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and beef

Review. Dairy farm management and production practices associated with the presence of Listeria monocytogenes in raw milk and beef

The impact of the quality of silage on animal health and food safety: A review

Effect of Reduced Sodium Cheese on the Growth of Pathogenic Bacteria and Inactivation of Listeria Innocua Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction With Co2

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