Risk Factors Associated with Leishmaniasis in the Most Affected Provinces by<i>Leishmania infantum</i>in Morocco

Hakkour, Maryam; Hmamouch, Asmae; Alem, Mohamed Mahmoud El; Bouyahya, Abdelhakim; Balahbib, Abdelaali; Khazraji, Abdelhak El; Fellah, Hajiba; Sadak, Abderrahim; Sebti, Faiza

doi:10.1155/2020/6948650

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This shows a sharp increase in the incidence of leishmaniases in the country [ 90 ]. In 2020, a study led by Hakkour and colleagues investigated the relationship between climate and leishmaniasis in 9 provinces of Morocco [ 81 ]. Authors concluded that humidity was significant for CL and VL (caused by the species Leishmania donovani and Leishmania infantum ) whereas temperature was significant only for VL.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

Sekmoudi¹,

Bouakline

Khomsi

et al. 2022

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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Purpose of Review The aim of this review is to summarize and provide clear insights into studies that evaluate the interaction between air pollution, climate, and health in North Africa. Recent Findings Few studies have estimated the effects of climate and air pollution on health in North Africa. Most of the studies highlighted the evidence of the link between climate and air pollution as driving factors and increased mortality and morbidity as health outcomes. Each North African country prioritized research on a specific health factor. It was observed that the health outcome from each driving factor depends on the studied area and data availability. The latter is a major challenge in the region. As such, more studies should be led in the future to cover more areas in North Africa and when more data are available. Data availability will help to explore the applicability of different tools and techniques new to the region. Summary This review explores studies related to climate and air pollution, and their possible impacts on health in North Africa. On one hand, air quality studies have focused mainly on particulate matter exceedance levels and their long-term exposure impacts, namely, morbidity and mortality. The observed differences between the various studies are mainly due to the used exposure–response function, the studied population, background emissions, and natural emission from the Sahara Desert that characterize the region. On the other hand, climate studies have focused primarily on the impact of heat waves, vector-borne disease, and mental disorders. More than half of these studies have been on leishmaniasis disease. The review revealed unbalanced and insufficient research on health impacts from air pollution episodes and climate extremes across the region.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Climate, Air Pollution, and Health in North Africa

Sekmoudi¹,

Bouakline

Khomsi

et al. 2022

Curr Envir Health Rpt

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“…50,000 to 90,000 new cases are expected to occur each year [ 6 ]. Risk factors such as urbanization, humidity, altitude, rainy seasons, and socioeconomic factors should be kept in mind [ 7 ]. The case we are reporting involves a patient with fever and bicytopenia, the latter was overlooked in this encounter, and it devolved into pancytopenia, which is much more published and talked about in the research/medical community.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Visceral leishmaniasis misdiagnosed as an upper respiratory infection and iron-deficiency anemia in a 20-month-old male patient: a case report

Chakhunashvili,

Kvirkvelia

2024

J Med Case Reports

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Background Visceral Leishmaniasis should be suspected in every patient with a history of splenomegaly, fever, and pancytopenia. It is one of the most dangerous forms of infection and prompt recognition is the key to positive outcome. Case presentation A 20-month-old Caucasian male patient was brought to our hospital as an outpatient with the complaint of persistent fever, which did not improve with empiric antibiotic treatment (> 96 hour after the initial dose). The antibiotic treatment had been prescribed by primary care physician at polyclinic, who also referred the patient to hematologist due to anemia, who prescribed iron supplement. Despite multiple subspecialist visits, bicytopenia was, unfortunately, left unidentified. Upon physical examination no specific signs were detected, however, spleen seemed slightly enlarged. Patient was admitted to the hospital for further work-up, management and evaluation. Abdominal ultrasound, complete blood count and c-reactive protein had been ordered. Hematologist and infectionist were involved, both advised to run serology for Epstein-Barr Virus and Visceral Leishmaniasis. The latter was positive; therefore, patient was transferred to the specialized clinic for specific management. Conclusion Both in endemic and non-endemic areas the awareness about VL should be increased among the medical professionals. We also recommend that our colleagues take the same approach when dealing with bicytopenia and fever, just as with pancytopenia and fever. The medical community should make sure that none of the cases of fever and pancytopenia are overlooked, especially if we have hepatomegaly and/or splenomegaly.

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“…Many recent studies and research papers [2][3][4] suggest that the incidence of leishmaniasis is influenced by climatic variables. Therefore, prediction approaches are needed to achieve a better outcome in disease forecasting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%