Risk factors associated with physical restraints in residential aged care facilities: a community‐based epidemiological survey in Taiwan

Huang, Hui; Huang, Yu; Lin, Kuan Chia; Kuo, Yong Fang

doi:10.1111/jan.12176

Cited by 52 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The reasons for using physical restraint and the most frequent shift (night shift) in which physical restraint was used in China were consistent with those reported from other countries. 1,3,14,16,21 However, we observed a slight difference in nurses' perceptions and practice in China compared with other countries. 22,23 In the qualitative study, nurses' perception toward the use of physical restraint in clinical care was predominately characterized by their main concern of protecting patient's safety, and the use of restraints apparently provided a certain sense of security to the nurses.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…15 The most common treatment instruments removed by patients are endotracheal and nasogastric tubes. 3,4 Studies have indicated that physical restraints are more likely to be used in patients who are 65 years or older, 16 in patients with poor mobility and impaired cognitive status, and in patients who require extensive and complicated therapy and have a history and risk of falls. 15 Men are more likely to be physically restrained than women.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Nurses’ perceptions and practice of physical restraint in China

Jiang

et al. 2014

Nurs Ethics

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Nurses’ perceptions and practice of physical restraint in China

Jiang

et al. 2014

Nurs Ethics

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“…The highest usages reported in the literature were in Northern Ireland, Canada and Taiwan, with values between 62 and 68% [1, 26, 32], and the lowest in Germany with 26.2% [12]. The Netherlands was situated between them, with a prevalence of around 50% [24, 25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Physical restraint is used frequently in long-term care, mainly to prevent falls and, to a lesser extent, to reduce behavioural disturbances or avoid interference with patient treatments [1, 2]. Physical restraint is a controversial practice throughout the world [3, 4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of physical restraints in long-term care in Spain: a multi-center cross-sectional study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundPhysical restraint is a procedure used frequently in long-term care. It is a controversial practice because its use is associated with numerous complications and also affects freedom and individual autonomy. The objective of this study was to examine the use of physical restraint of long-term care residents with the ability to move voluntarily.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional observational and correlational multi-center study. Nine centers agreed to participate. Of the 1,200 people present at the time of data collection, those without voluntary movement or in the facility for less than a month were excluded. Thus, the final sample was 920 residents. Data on the use of restraints was collected by direct observation. Information about the age, gender, length of stay, falls, mobility, cognition and functional status of residents was gathered by reviewing clinical records and interviewing nursing staff. A descriptive analysis of the data obtained was conducted. The generalized linear model was used, considering only the principal effects of each variable and using the logit link function. The model has been adjusted for clusters and for other possibly confounding factors. For all analyses, a confidence interval (CI) of 95% was estimated.ResultsThe prevalence of residents with at least one physical restraint was 84.9% (95% CI: 81.7–88.1), with variability between centers of 70.3 to 96.6% (p-value Kruskal Wallis test <0.001). Full-enclosure side rails were most often used (84.5; 95% CI: 81.1–87.9), but other types of restraints were also used frequently. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of functional impairment increased the probability of the use of restraint. A significant association was also found between restraint use and the impaired cognitive status of residents.ConclusionsThe prevalence was higher than in studies from other countries. The results emphasize the need to improve the training of nursing staff in the care of residents with impairments in functional and cognitive status. The use of alternative devices and nurse consultants need to be evaluated, and the introduction of specific laws considered.

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Physical restraints and associations with neuropsychiatric symptoms and personal characteristics in residential care: a cross‐sectional study

Kuronen

Kautiainen

Karppi

et al. 2016

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

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Risk factors associated with physical restraints in residential aged care facilities: a community‐based epidemiological survey in Taiwan

Abstract: To reduce the incidence of physical restraint in residential aged care facilities in Taiwan, educational programmes should target primary caregivers and families in facilities.

Cited by 52 publications

References 40 publications

Nurses’ perceptions and practice of physical restraint in China

Nurses’ perceptions and practice of physical restraint in China

The use of physical restraints in long-term care in Spain: a multi-center cross-sectional study

Physical restraints and associations with neuropsychiatric symptoms and personal characteristics in residential care: a cross‐sectional study

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