Risk Factors Associated with Prognosis in Patients with Acute Stroke: A Retrospective Observational Study

Abstract

Background: Stroke is one of the major causes of disability and mortality in Iran. Therefore, it is of critical importance to know the factors affecting the effective management of acute stroke for better prevention and treatment of stroke. Objectives: The present study aims at investigating the risk factors associated with prognosis in patients with acute stroke who were registered in the "724" stroke management registry system at Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Arak, Iran. Methods: This retrospective observational study included all acute stroke patients who were registered in the "724" stroke management registry system at Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Arak, Iran, from April 2017 to April 2019. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 23) through the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney U test, and logistic regression. Results: This study investigated 139 patients with acute stroke registered in the "724" stroke management registry system at Amir Al-Momenin Hospital, Arak, Iran, from April 2017 to April 2019. The mean age of the patients was 62.91±13.31 years, and the majority of the cases were male (n=77; 55.4 %). Totally, 104 (75.4%) and 31 (22.3%) patients had hypertension and diabetes, respectively. In-hospital mortality showed a statistically significant relationship with a history of stroke, brain computed tomography scan results and high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) at baseline (P<0.05). Conclusions: High rate of hypertension among stroke patients highlights its significance as an important modifiable risk factor for stroke. Attention to these risk factors is essential for the primary prevention of stroke. History of stroke and NIHSS score at baseline≥8 associated with poor outcome at discharge.