Risk factors for a first episode of primary uveitis in the UK and proportion of cases that experience recurrence following this first episode

Malalana, Fernando; Ireland, J.L.; Pinchbeck, Gina; McGowan, Catherine

doi:10.1111/evj.13576

Cited by 2 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Sex has also been identified in some studies as being associated with ERU, as more geldings than mares were affected compared to the reference population 5,99 . However, other investigations do not support a link between sex and recurrent disease 7,29,69,101 . It is possible that factors, such as sex‐specific hormones or sex‐linked genes, may be contributing to ERU risk, but these factors require more investigation.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and husbandry‐level factors (years at barn, availability and type of turnout, proximity to other livestock, deworming, etc.) for association with the first episode of idiopathic uveitis and recurrence of inflammation 101 . The study identified turnout on a recently flooded pasture and proximity to a pig farm as two factors that were associated with the primary incidence of uveitis.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Leptospira was suspected to have a possible connection to both factors, assessments of bacterial exposure were not performed in the study. Additionally, only five of the 22 horses had recurrence upon follow‐up evaluations within the time‐frame of the study (<5 years) 101 . Thus, additional work is needed to thoroughly characterize any potential role of management or husbandry that might impact recurrent uveal disease in horses.…”

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,99 However, other investigations do not support a link between sex and recurrent disease. 7,29,69,101 It is possible that factors, such as sex-specific hormones or sex-linked genes, may be contributing to ERU risk, but these factors require more investigation. In particular, prospective studies are needed to measure an accurate average age of onset and to determine if the significant associations between sex and ERU are the result of a true causal factor or sampling bias.…”

Section: Noninfectious Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A review of investigated risk factors for developing equine recurrent uveitis

Kingsley

Sandmeyer

2022

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is an ocular inflammatory disease that can be difficult to manage clinically. As such, it is the leading cause of bilateral blindness for horses. ERU is suspected to have a complex autoimmune etiology with both environmental and genetic risk factors contributing to onset and disease progression in some or all cases. Work in recent years has aimed at unraveling the primary triggers, such as infectious agents and inherited breed-specific risk factors, for disease onset, persistence, and progression. This review has aimed at encompassing those factors that have been associated, implicated, or substantiated as contributors to ERU, as well as identifying areas for which additional knowledge is needed to better understand risk for disease onset and progression.A greater understanding of the risk factors for ERU will enable earlier detection and better prognosis through prevention and new therapeutics.

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Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmental Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Noninfectious Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A review of investigated risk factors for developing equine recurrent uveitis

Kingsley

Sandmeyer

2022

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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“…The objectives of this prospective case ‐ control longitudinal study by Fernando Malalana and co‐workers at the University of Liverpool were to determine risk factors for the development of a first episode of primary uveitis in horses in the UK and to document the proportion of cases that experience recurrence following this first episode .…”

Section: Risk Factors For Primary Uveitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Highlights of recent clinically relevant papers

WRIGHT¹

2022

Equine Veterinary Education

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The aim of this retrospective case series by Suzy Hall and coworkers in the UK was to describe the presenting signs, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of horses diagnosed with rib fracture.The clinical records and diagnostic images of all adult horses diagnosed with a rib fracture at three referral centres over a 15-year period were reviewed. Seventy-three horses met the inclusion criteria. Horses presented due to either resistance to ridden work and poor performance (clinical signs included poor response to rider aids, bucking, bolting, napping, rearing or a reluctance to jump; n = 41), lameness (n = 21) or trauma (n = 7). In four horses, the presenting complaint was not recorded. Clinical assessment and palpation localised the site of injury in 18/47 cases where recorded. In 64 horses (88%; 95% CI 79-94), one rib was affected; in two horses, two ribs were affected; in three horses, three ribs were affected, and in four horses, four or more ribs were affected. One horse had fractures on both the left and right sides, but in all other horses, the fractures were unilateral: 40 on the left side and 32 on the right side. The 18th rib was the most commonly affected (n = 32; 42%; 95% CI 32-54). Nuclear scintigraphic examination identified all fracture sites in which it was performed (59/59). In 10/ 24 horses, radiographic examination confirmed rib fracture. Ultrasonographic examination confirmed rib fracture in 58/ 59 horses (98%; 95% CI 92-100). Six horses underwent surgery due to ongoing clinical signs and nonhealing fracture; all other horses were managed conservatively. Fifty-five horses were available for long-term follow-up (>1 year), of which 28 (51%; 95% CI 38-64) returned to their previous level of exercise. Twelve horses did not return to their previous level of exercise due to lameness unrelated to the rib fracture, and seven horses were subjected to euthanasia, of which three were due to the rib fracture. Eight horses did not return to their previous level of exercise for other reasons.Although uncommon, rib fractures should be considered in cases of reduced performance or resistance during ridden exercise. Palpation may be unrewarding. Scintigraphy and ultrasonography are useful in identifying the fracture site. Rib fractures in horses carry a fair prognosis and can be managed conservatively in most cases.

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Risk factors for a first episode of primary uveitis in the UK and proportion of cases that experience recurrence following this first episode

Cited by 2 publications

References 25 publications

A review of investigated risk factors for developing equine recurrent uveitis

A review of investigated risk factors for developing equine recurrent uveitis

Highlights of recent clinically relevant papers

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