Risk Factors for Adult Depression: Adverse Childhood Experiences and Personality Functioning

Dagnino, Paula; Ugarte, Maria José; Morales, Felipe Del Ángel Padrón; González, Sofía; Saralegui, Daniela; Ehrenthal, Johannes C.

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.594698

Cited by 49 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The mechanisms underlying depression in dementia remain unclarified [ 56 ]. Genetic and environmental factors are potentially involved [ 44 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. For instance, an increase in depression and anxiety symptoms have been reported in nursing homes during the coronavirus pandemic [ 63 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Pathogenic and Metabolic Genes on the Pharmacogenetics of Mood Disorders in Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2021

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Background: Mood disorders represent a risk factor for dementia and are present in over 60% of cases with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). More than 80% variability in drug pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics is associated with pharmacogenetics. Methods: Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed in 1006 patients with dementia (591 females, 415 males) and the influence of pathogenic (APOE) and metabolic (CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and CYP2C9) gene variants on the therapeutic outcome were analyzed after treatment with a multifactorial regime in a natural setting. Results and Conclusions: (i) Biochemical, hematological, and metabolic differences may contribute to changes in drug efficacy and safety; (ii) anxiety and depression are more frequent and severe in females than males; (iii) both females and males respond similarly to treatment, showing significant improvements in anxiety and depression; (iv) APOE-3 carriers are the best responders and APOE-4 carriers tend to be the worst responders to conventional treatments; and (v) among CYP2D6, CYP2C19, and CYP2C9 genophenotypes, normal metabolizers (NMs) and intermediate metabolizers (IMs) are significantly better responders than poor metabolizers (PMs) and ultra-rapid metabolizers (UMs) to therapeutic interventions that modify anxiety and depression phenotypes in dementia. APOE-4 carriers and CYP-related PMs and UMs deserve special attention for their vulnerability and poor response to current treatments.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Pathogenic and Metabolic Genes on the Pharmacogenetics of Mood Disorders in Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2021

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“…On the contrary, the internalizing disorder include a variety of over-inhibited/internally-focused symptoms, such as depression, anxiety, or somatic symptoms. Several risk factors for psychiatric symptoms have been well established in childhood (e.g., poverty and social disadvantage) 5 and adulthood (e.g., level of education and physical illness) 6 . However, less is known about the protective factors (e.g., physical activity) that might contribute to decreasing both child and adult psychopathology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms linking physical activity with psychiatric symptoms: a protocol for a systematic review

Bich

Tong

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Introduction: Persistent psychiatric symptomatology during childhood and adolescence predicts vulnerability to experience mental illness in adulthood. Physical activity is well-known to provide mental health benefits across the lifespan. However, the underlying mechanisms linking physical activity and psychiatric symptoms remain underexplored. In this context, we aim to systematically synthesize evidence focused on the mechanisms through which physical activity might reduce psychiatric symptoms across all ages. Methods and analysis: With the aid of a biomedical information specialist, we will develop a systematic search strategy based on the predetermined research question in the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and PsycINFO. Two independent reviewers will screen and select studies, extract data, and assess the risk of bias. In case of inability to reach a consensus, a third person will be consulted. We will not apply any language restriction, and we will perform a qualitative synthesis of our findings as we anticipate that studies are scarce and heterogeneous. Ethics and dissemination: Only data that has already been published will be included. Then, ethical approval is not required. Findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at conferences. Additionally, we will communicate our findings to healthcare providers and other sections of society (e.g., through regular channels, including social media). PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021239440

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“…Thus, we posit the hypothesis that there is an association between childhood maltreatment (CM) and the severity of depression, specifically in an elderly TRD population. Moreover, given the role of personality traits as well as self-esteem in the symptomatology and course of the depressive disorder [ 20 , 21 ], we postulate that personality traits and self-esteem could mediate the association between CM and the severity of depressive symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between childhood physical abuse and clinical severity of treatment-resistant depression in a geriatric population

Yrondi

Arbus²,

Bennabi³

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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Introduction We assessed the correlation between childhood maltreatment (CM) and severity of depression in an elderly unipolar Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD) sample. Methods Patients were enrolled from a longitudinal cohort (FACE-DR) of the French Network of Expert TRD Centres. Results Our sample included 96 patients (33% of the overall cohort) aged 60 years or above, with a mean age of 67.2 (SD = 5.7). The majority of the patients were female (62.5%). The Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Quick Inventory Depression Scale-Self Report (QIDS-SR) mean scores were high, 28.2 (SD = 7.49) [MADRS score range: 0–60; moderate severity≥20, high severity≥35] and 16.5 (SD = 4.94) [IDS-SR score range: 0–27; moderate severity≥11, high severity≥16], respectively. Mean self-esteem scores were 22.47 (SD = 6.26) [range 0–30]. In an age- and sex-adjusted model, we found a positive correlation between childhood trauma (CTQ scores) and depressive symptom severity [MADRS (β = 0.274; p = 0.07) and QIDS-SR (β = 0.302; p = 0.005) scores]. We detected a statistically significant correlation between physical abuse and depressive symptom severity [MADRS (β = 0.304; p = 0.03) and QIDS-SR (β = 0.362; p = 0.005) scores]. We did not observe any significant correlation between other types of trauma and depressive symptom severity. We showed that self-esteem (Rosenberg scale) mediated the effect of physical abuse (PA) on the intensity of depressive symptoms [MADRS: b = 0.318, 95% BCa C.I. [0.07, 0.62]; QIDS-SR: b = 0.177, 95% BCa C.I. [0.04, 0.37]]. Preacher & Kelly’s Kappa Squared values of 19.1% (k2 = 0.191) and 16% (k2 = 0.16), respectively for the two scales, indicate a moderate effect. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in a geriatric TRD population documenting an association between childhood trauma (mainly relating to PA) and the intensity of depressive symptoms.

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Risk Factors for Adult Depression: Adverse Childhood Experiences and Personality Functioning

Cited by 49 publications

References 94 publications

Influence of Pathogenic and Metabolic Genes on the Pharmacogenetics of Mood Disorders in Alzheimer’s Disease

Influence of Pathogenic and Metabolic Genes on the Pharmacogenetics of Mood Disorders in Alzheimer’s Disease

Mechanisms linking physical activity with psychiatric symptoms: a protocol for a systematic review

Relationship between childhood physical abuse and clinical severity of treatment-resistant depression in a geriatric population

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