Risk Factors for Cancer of the Renal Parenchyma

McCredie, Margaret; Ford, Joyce M.; Stewart, John H.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(17)41262-6

Cited by 29 publications

(62 citation statements)

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“…A number of case-control studies have shown regular use of phenacetin to be associated with a 1.5-to 6.0-fold increased risk of RCC (McLaughlin et al, 1985;Maclure and MacMahon, 1985;McCredie et al, 1988;Kreiger et al, 1993;Mellemgaard et al, 1994). The present study confirms that sustained use of phenacetin is a risk factor for RCC, conferring a two-fold excess risk among regular users of this drug.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Until recently, only three case-control studies (Armstrong et al, 1976;McLaughlin et al, 1985;McCredie et al, 1988) and one cohort study (Paganini-Hill et al, 1989) had investigated the issue. Two of these studies (McLaughlin et al, 1985;McCredie et al, 1988) examined the relationship between phenacetin use and RCC risk, and consistently observed a positive exposure-disease association. Taken as a whole, the four studies were inconclusive with respect to non-phenacetin types of analgesics.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Regular use of analgesics is a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma

et al. 1999

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Summary Phenacetin-based analgesics have been linked to the development of renal pelvis cancer and renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The relationship between non-phenacetin types of analgesics and kidney cancer is less clear, although laboratory evidence suggests that these drugs possess carcinogenic potential. A population-based case-control study involving 1204 non-Asian RCC patients aged 25-74 and an equal number of sex-, age-and race-matched neighbourhood controls was conducted in Los Angeles, California, to investigate the relationship between sustained use of analgesics and risk of RCC according to major formulation categories. Detailed information on medical and medication histories, and other lifestyle factors was collected through in-person interviews. Regular use of analgesics was a significant risk factor for RCC in both men and women (odds ratio (OR) = 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.4-1.9 for both sexes combined). Risks were elevated across all four major classes of analgesics (aspirin, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents other than aspirin, acetaminophen and phenacetin). Within each class of analgesics, there was statistically significant increasing risk with increasing level of exposure. Although there was some minor variability by major class of formulation, in general individuals in the highest exposure categories exhibited approximately 2.5-fold increase in risk relative to non-or irregular users of analgesics. Subjects who took one regular-strength (i.e. 325 mg) aspirin a day or less for cardiovascular disease prevention were not at an increased risk of RCC (OR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.6-1.4).

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

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confidence: 99%

Regular use of analgesics is a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma

et al. 1999

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“…Kidney cancer is inversely associated with coffee intake in our cohort (Jacobsen et al, 1986), but the relation indicated with milk consumption was not removed by control for coffee intake or cigarette smoking. A significant association between milk intake and cancer of the renal parenchyma was found in the case-control study of McCredie et al (1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Milk consumption and cancer incidence: a Norwegian prospective study

Ursin

Bjelke²,

Heuch³

et al. 1990

Br J Cancer

110

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Summary Relationships between milk intake and cancer incidence were investigated after I 1I years of follow-up of 15,914 individuals. A diagnosis of cancer was made in a total of 1,422 individuals. No association was established with total cancer incidence, in analyses adjusted for sex, age and residential characteristics. However, a strong positive association with milk consumption was observed for cancers of the lymphatic organs (odds ratio 3.4 for > 2 glasses per day vs <1; 95% confidence interval 1. 4-8.2). An inverse association was found for cancer of the bladder. Kidney cancer and cancers of the female reproductive organs (except the uterine cervix) showed weak positive associations with milk intake.

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“…Previous epidemiologic investigations of the association between use of paracetamol and cancer of the renal parenchyma (ie, renal cell cancer) have shown diverging results, 3,[5][6][7]13,15,17 and the weak associations identified in some of the studies may be explained by bias or uncontrolled confounding. 30 In a recent study of 1,204 matched case-control pairs, Gago-Dominguez et al 6 reported a significant odds ratio (OR) of 1.7 (95% CI, 1.3-2.1) for renal cell cancer associated with regular use of paracetamol, whereas McCredie et al, 3 in the largest study of this cancer to date, found no increase in risk of renal cell cancer among regular users of paracetamol (1,732 cases and 2,309 controls).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of these have reported slightly elevated risks of renal cell cancer 2,5,6 or transitional cell cancers of the renal pelvis, ureter or urinary bladder 2,7-11 with regular or long-term use of paracetamol, whereas other studies have failed to demonstrate such associations. 3,5,7,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Few other cancer sites have been examined in relation to use of paracetamol. In a recent case-control study, Cramer et al 19 reported an inverse association between paracetamol use and risk of ovarian cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cancer risk in persons receiving prescriptions for paracetamol: A Danish cohort study

Friis

Nielsen

Mellemkjær

et al. 2001

Intl Journal of Cancer

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The use of paracetamol has been associated with increased risks for urinary tract cancers and decreased risk for ovarian cancer, although results have been inconsistent. We conducted a population-based cohort study using data from the Prescription Database of North Jutland County and the Danish Cancer Registry. Cancer incidence among 39,946 individuals receiving prescriptions for paracetamol was compared with expected incidence based on the North Jutland population who did not receive paracetamol prescriptions, during a 9-year follow-up period. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated for cancers overall and at selected sites. Overall, 2,173 cancers were observed with 1,973 expected, yielding a SIR of 1.10 (95% CI, 1.06 -1.15). Significantly elevated SIRs were found for cancers of the esophagus (1.9; 95% CI, 1.3-2.8) and lung (1.6; 95% CI, 1.4 -1.7). Nonsignificantly increased SIRs were observed for cancers of the liver (1.5; 95% CI, 0.96 -2.2), renal parenchyma (1.3; 95% CI, 0.9 -1.7) and renal pelvis/ureter (1.6; 95% CI, 0.96 -2.6), whereas the SIR for cancer of the urinary bladder was close to unity (1.1; 95% CI, 0.9 -1.4). For ovarian cancer, the SIR was close to expectation (0.9; 95% CI, 0.6 -1.2) with no evidence of trends with duration of follow-up or number of prescriptions. A similar risk pattern was observed after exclusion of person-time experience following prescription for aspirin or other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in the study cohort and reference population. Our results do not support a major role for paracetamol in the development of cancers of the urinary tract, and we found little evidence of a protective effect of paracetamol against ovarian cancer. The elevated risks for cancers of the esophagus, lung and liver are most likely a result of confounding variables, but may warrant further investigation.

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Risk Factors for Cancer of the Renal Parenchyma

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Regular use of analgesics is a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma

Regular use of analgesics is a risk factor for renal cell carcinoma

Milk consumption and cancer incidence: a Norwegian prospective study

Cancer risk in persons receiving prescriptions for paracetamol: A Danish cohort study

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