Risk factors for depression and anxiety in survivors of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Symptoms of Depression in Survivors of Severe Sepsis: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Americans

“…3,5 Our resultsv confirm these findings of a high post-illness prevalence of depressive symptoms, but substantially alter the interpretation by demonstrating that high prevalence to be unchanged from levels of depressive symptoms before the illness, at least among older Americans. Prior studies have also identified exposure to specific aspects of care as potential risk factors for subsequent depression, 9,10,12 which we did not replicate. This discrepancy may be rooted in prior studies' inability to adequately control for premorbid depression, as depression is independently associated with acute care and intensive care unit admissions for medical illnesses.…”

“…43 Since a history of prior major depression is known to be a potent predictor of depression in the context of stress, 50 we initially tested the association of pre-sepsis substantial depressive symptoms with post-sepsis substantial depressive symptoms without adjustment. We then added three groups of potential confounding variables chosen a priori that have been found to be important in depression and general medical/critical illness-related research: 3,9,10,12,51 1) demographics (age, sex, race, education, marital status), health risk behaviors (alcohol use and smoking), and medical comorbidity (Charlson score); 2) severe sepsis episode characteristics (organ dysfunction score, hospital length of stay, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation, major surgery, and dialysis); and 3) post-severe sepsis function (level of cognitive impairment and total ADL and IADL impairments) as well as non-response propensity scores.…”

“…17 Prior studies have suggested that post-critical illness physical and cognitive impairment may be associated with increased risk of depression. 10,14,18 Since hundreds of thousands of patients develop severe sepsis annually, 16 ascertaining the prevalence of, and risk factors for, depressive symptoms in survivors is vital since depression could be a contributor to functional decline in these patients that is amenable to treatment.…”

Post-intensive care cognitive impairment: questions in mind?

“…Intensive care unit delirium, a clinical feature associated with post-ICU cognitive impairment [12], may be preventable with measures such as early mobility or pharmacological prophylaxis. Whether depression or post-traumatic stress disorder, commonly described psychiatric morbidities in the critically ill, predict cognitive outcome as well as whether psychiatric symptoms [24] are risk factors for development of cognitive impairments [25] is also not clear.…”

Study protocol: Intensive care anxiety and emotional recovery (Icare)—A prospective study

“…A number of factors have been identified as predictors of these adverse emotional outcomes in ICU survivors (7,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). In the Intensive Care Anxiety and Emotional Recovery (ICARe) study, these risk factors have been classified into three categories: prior to critical illness, during intensive care treatment and after ICU discharge risk factors (Fig.1).…”