Risk factors for eating disorders: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses

Solmi, Marco; Raduà, Joaquim; Stubbs, Brendon; Ricca, Valdo; Moretti, Davide; Busatta, Daniele; Carvalho, André F.; Dragioti, Elena; Favaro, Angela; Monteleone, Alessio Maria; Smıth, Lee; Fusar‐Poli, Paolo; Castellini, Giovanni

doi:10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1099

Cited by 83 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(118 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Bullying or appearance-related teasing experiences as well as physical or sexual abuse events may promote emotional abuse. These findings confirm the importance to evaluate childhood emotional abuse when assessing CM in people with BN or with BED, despite sexual abuse has been longitudinally recognized as the unique risk factor for EDs [2] and despite literature highlighting the association of physical and sexual abuse with EDs [3]. In this line, emotional abuse was found to be the only CM type directly associated to ED psychopathology, without any effect of psychiatry comorbidity [40] and previous studies suggested that different types of CM do not have the same impact on ED symptoms [41,42].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The connection between childhood maltreatment and eating disorder psychopathology: a network analysis study in people with bulimia nervosa and with binge eating disorder

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Childhood maltreatment (CM) experiences are associated with heightened risk of Eating disorders (EDs). The psychopathological pathways promoting this association in people with Bulimia nervosa (BN) and in those with Binge eating disorder (BED) are under-investigated. Methods One hundred and eighty-one people with BN and 144 with BED filled in the Eating Disorder Inventory-2, to measure ED psychopathology, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, to assess their early traumatic experiences. Network analysis was conducted to investigate the interplay between those variables. The shortest pathways function was employed to investigate the shortest out of all routes conveying the association between CM and ED-specific symptoms. Results In both people with BN and with BED, all CM types were connected to the ED psychopathology through the emotional abuse node. The association between emotional abuse and ED-specific symptoms (bulimia and body dissatisfaction) differed in the two groups: in people with BN, it included ineffectiveness, while in people with BED, it involved impulsivity. Interoceptive awareness, an indirect measure of emotion regulation, was included in these pathways in both groups. Conclusion In the light of literature showing that emotional abuse has a connecting role between CM and ED psychopathology also in anorexia nervosa, the present findings support the idea that emotional abuse conveys such association in all the main ED diagnoses. Ineffectiveness and impulsivity may represent the specific psychopathological dimensions connected to emotional abuse and promoting the maintenance of ED-specific symptoms in BN and in BED, respectively. These findings are worth of attention by clinicians. Level of evidence Level III: evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected as part of the routine assessment of patients with EDs. Participants in the study were asked to complete the following questionnaires before entering specific treatment programs: (1) the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2) [27]; (2) the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) [28].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The connection between childhood maltreatment and eating disorder psychopathology: a network analysis study in people with bulimia nervosa and with binge eating disorder

et al. 2021

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, some gaps in the literature need to be noted: few studies investigated substance and alcohol abuse as risk factor for AN as well as young patients at the onset of their illness; still, to the authors' knowledge, very few studies focused on both familial and environmental risk factors. Moreover, Solmi et al, (2020) with an umbrella review accounted for a lack of well-established risk factors for EDs; in fact, even considering several risk factors (e.g., childhood sexual abuse, physical abuse, substance use, impulsivity), strong evidence was not found for any ED, particularly AN [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: The Contribution of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Traumatic Events

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Objectives: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex disorder whose etiopathogenesis involves both biological and environmental factors. The aims of the present study were to retrospectively analyze risk factors in young patients with AN and to assess differences in clinical and eating-related symptoms between patients with and without a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and with or without a history of acknowledged risk factors. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four patients with AN (<25 years old) were recruited and completed an anamnestic evaluation and the following self-report measures: Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-Y), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Life Events Checklist (LEC), and Dissociative Experience Scale (DES). The PTSD diagnosis was assigned according to the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-5 (SCID-5). Results: The most frequent risk factors were those associated with relational traumatic events and familiarity for psychiatric disorders. Higher severity of body-related symptoms (i.e., those symptoms impacting on body image and perception and leading to body concerns) emerged in patients with PTSD, versus patients without PTSD diagnosis; however, after controlling for dissociative symptoms, only differences in BMI remained significant. Concerning other risk factors, those with a history of childhood trauma were more depressed than patients without such history and those with familiarity with eating disorders reported more AN-related hospitalizations in the past than those individuals without familiarity. Conclusion: These results suggest the importance of investigating the presence of risk factors and PTSD diagnosis in patients with AN, and to treat post-traumatic symptoms in young patients in order to decrease the risk of developing severe forms of AN. Moreover, a particular focus on those patients with a family member affected by an eating disorder could be of clinical utility.

show abstract

“…Bullying or appearancerelated teasing experiences as well as physical or sexual abuse events may promote emotional abuse. These ndings con rm the importance to evaluate childhood emotional abuse when assessing CM in people with BN or with BED, despite sexual abuse has been longitudinally recognized as the unique risk factor for EDs [2] and despite literature highlighting the association of physical and sexual abuse with EDs [3]. In this line, emotional abuse was found to be the only CM type directly associated to ED psychopathology, without any effect of psychiatry comorbidity [40] and previous studies suggested that different types of CM do not have the same impact on ED symptoms [41; 42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Eating Disorders (EDs) are complex psychiatric illnesses likely originating by the interplay of psychosocial, biological and genetic factors [1]. A recent umbrella review [2] assessing longitudinal data on pathogenetic risk factors showed that, among psychosocial factors, childhood sexual abuse and appearance-related teasing victimization are the factors more signi cantly associated with bulimia nervosa (BN) and any type of ED respectively. Literature cross-sectional studies have con rmed that childhood maltreatment (CM) experiences are associated with EDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Connection Between Childhood Maltreatment and Eating Disorder Psychopathology: A Network Analysis Study in People With Bulimia Nervosa and With Binge Eating Disorder

Monteleone

Tzischinsky

Cascino

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose. Childhood maltreatment (CM) experiences are associated with heightened risk of Eating Disorders (EDs). The psychopathological pathways promoting this association in people with Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and in those with Binge Eating Disorder (BED) are under-investigated. Methods. One-hundred-eighty-one people with BN and 144 with BED filled in the Eating Disorder Inventory-2, to measure ED psychopathology, and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, to assess their early traumatic experiences. Network analysis was conducted in order to investigate the interplay between those variables. The shortest pathways function was employed to investigate the shortest out of all routes conveying the association between CM and ED core symptoms. Results. In both people with BN and with BED, all CM types were connected to the ED psychopathology through the emotional abuse node. The association between emotional abuse and ED core symptoms (bulimia and body dissatisfaction) differed in the two groups: in people with BN, it included ineffectiveness, while in people with BED it involved impulsivity. Interoceptive awareness, an indirect measure of emotion regulation, was included in these pathways in both groups.Conclusion. In the light of literature showing that emotional abuse has a connecting role between CM and ED psychopathology also in anorexia nervosa, the present findings support the idea that emotional abuse conveys such association in all the main ED diagnoses. Ineffectiveness and impulsivity may represent the specific psychopathological dimensions connected to emotional abuse and promoting the maintenance of ED core symptoms in BN and in BED, respectively. These findings are worth of attention by clinicians.Level of evidence: Level III: Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies

show abstract

Risk factors for eating disorders: an umbrella review of published meta-analyses

Cited by 83 publications

References 76 publications

The connection between childhood maltreatment and eating disorder psychopathology: a network analysis study in people with bulimia nervosa and with binge eating disorder

The connection between childhood maltreatment and eating disorder psychopathology: a network analysis study in people with bulimia nervosa and with binge eating disorder

Young Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: The Contribution of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Traumatic Events

The Connection Between Childhood Maltreatment and Eating Disorder Psychopathology: A Network Analysis Study in People With Bulimia Nervosa and With Binge Eating Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About