Risk factors for Echinococcus granulosus infection: a case-control study.

Campos-Bueno, Ángel; López‐Abente, Gonzalo; Andres-Cercadillo, Ana Maria

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2000.62.329

Cited by 57 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The results are in concurrence with previous study (Khurana et al, 2007) carried out at a super specialty hospital revealing significant increase (p < 0.001) in seropositivity during the last 5 years (23.12 %, 1999 -2003) as compared with previous years (10.97 %, 1984 -1998), and a similar increase (p < 0.001) in positive Casoni's test (33.83 %, 1999 -2003 versus 21.38 %, 1984 -1998) during the same time period among suspected cases visiting this hospital. A hospital study to quantify different risk factors (Campos-Bueno et al, 2000) associated with the disease was carried out in a province marked by a high incidence of hydatidosis (Soria, Spain) and also found that odds ratios (ORs) for hydatidosis increased with the number of dogs and years of coexistence with them. The occupational distribution of patients may vary widely from country to country depending on epidemiological and socio-economic circumstances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human hydatidosis: an under discussed occupational zoonosis in India

Singh¹,

Sharma

et al. 2013

Helminthologia

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Human hydatidosis is an important public health issue in India and many other developing countries. There is lack of data related to occurrence of this disease in certain risk groups. The present study was therefore designed to assess the seroprevalence of human hydatidosis among occupational risk groups in Punjab (India). One hundred and forty nine human serum samples from dog handlers, veterinarians/para veterinarians, dairy farmers, patients with liver disorders, HIV positives and control group (visiting hospital for other problems) were collected and analyzed using a commercially available enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results revealed that 23 (15.43 %) subjects were seropositive for human hydatidosis. High seropositivity were recorded in dog handlers (30 %), followed by the other risk group populations. Relative risk of being infected was found to be 4.80 times high in dog handlers when compared to control group population. Future studies must be planned to determine the significance of these findings and the status of human hydatidosis in India.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human hydatidosis: an under discussed occupational zoonosis in India

Singh¹,

Sharma

et al. 2013

Helminthologia

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“…Campos-Bueno et al (20) in Spain have evaluated several risk factors in a case-control study involving 127 patients with proven CE cases and 127 The risk of infection was highest in small places with up to 500 inhabitants and increased with the number of dogs in the family and the number of years of coexistence with them. Further important risk factors were dogs having access to raw viscera of slaughter animals and dogs kept loose and able to enter dwellings.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Aspects of Echinococcosis, a Zoonosis of Increasing Concern

2004

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Echinococcosis in humans is a zoonotic infection caused by larval stages (metacestodes) of cestode species of the genus Echinococcus. Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is caused by Echinococcus granulosus, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by E. multilocularis, and polycystic forms are caused by either E. vogeli or E. oligarthrus. In untreated cases, AE has a high mortality rate. Although control is essentially feasible, CE remains a considerable health problem in many regions of the northern and southern hemispheres. AE is restricted to the northern hemisphere regions of North America and Eurasia. Recent studies have shown that E. multilocularis, the causative agent of AE, is more widely distributed than previously thought. There are also some hints of an increasing significance of polycystic forms of the disease, which are restricted to Central and South America. Various aspects of human echinococcosis are discussed in this review, including data on the infectivity of genetic variants of E. granulosus to humans, the increasing invasion of cities in Europe and Japan by red foxes, the main definitive hosts of E. multilocularis, and the first demonstration of urban cycles of the parasite. Examples of emergence or reemergence of CE are presented, and the question of potential spreading of E. multilocularis is critically assessed. Furthermore, information is presented on new and improved tools for diagnosing the infection in final hosts (dogs, foxes, and cats) by coproantigen or DNA detection and the application of molecular techniques to epidemiological studies. In the clinical field, the available methods for diagnosing human CE and AE are described and the treatment options are summarized. The development of new chemotherapeutic options for all forms of human echinococcosis remains an urgent requirement. A new option for the control of E. granulosus in the intermediate host population (mainly sheep and cattle) is vaccination. Attempts are made to reduce the prevalence of E. multilocualaris in fox populations by regular baiting with an anthelmintic (praziquantel). Recent data have shown that this control option may be used in restricted areas, for example in cities, with the aim of reducing the infection risk for humans

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“…Whether or not dog ownership or contact with dogs are risk factors for human CE is controversial. Some studies could not find any significant associations (Carmona et al 1998;Dowling and Torgerson 2000;Rafiei et al 2007;Harandi et al 2011), while other studies did (Campos-Bueno et al 2000;Moro et al 2008). In Kosovo, as in the neighbouring Balkan countries, the dog populations are not registered and free roaming and ownerless dogs easily have access to uncooked offal and carcasses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The impact of socio-cultural factors on transmission of Taenia spp. and Echinococcus granulosus in Kosovo

et al. 2017

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S U M M A R YEchinococcus granulosus sensu latu (s.l.) and Taenia hydatigena are common parasites of ruminant intermediate hosts in the Balkans. Transmission is linked mainly to home slaughtering and the feeding of infected organs to dogs. In Kosovo, many old sheep are slaughtered particularly during Eid al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice). To determine whether this tradition could affect parasite transmission, we compared the probability of 504 dogs to contract taenid infections after deworming during one period before Eid al-Adha and a similar period beginning with this event. Initially, taeniid eggs were detected in 6·2% (CI 4·2-8·6) of the dogs. The prevalence before Eid al-Adha was significantly lower (1·2%, CI 0·4-2·6) as compared with the prevalence after the event (4·3%, CI 2·6-6·3). A comparable trend was apparent at species level for T. hydatigena and E. granulosus. These results indicate that the pronounced increase of taeniid infections, including E. granulosus s.l., after Eid al-Adha is linked to traditional home slaughtering that occurs during this celebration. This particular epidemiological situation provides an opportunity for implementing focussed control activities.

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Risk factors for Echinococcus granulosus infection: a case-control study.

Cited by 57 publications

References 7 publications

Human hydatidosis: an under discussed occupational zoonosis in India

Human hydatidosis: an under discussed occupational zoonosis in India

Biological, Epidemiological, and Clinical Aspects of Echinococcosis, a Zoonosis of Increasing Concern

The impact of socio-cultural factors on transmission of Taenia spp. and Echinococcus granulosus in Kosovo

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