Risk factors for failure to detect bovine tuberculosis in cattle from infected herds across Northern Ireland (2004–2010)

Lahuerta‐Marin, Angela; McNair, J.; Skuce, Robin; McBride, S. H.; Allen, Michelle; Strain, Sam; Menzies, F. D.; McDowell, S.W.J.; Byrne, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.06.014

Cited by 29 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We found significant geographic variation in risk, which has been highlighted previously in Northern Ireland (Lahuerta‐Marin et al. ; Milne et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) co‐infection with bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle: A retrospective animal‐level assessment of bTB risk in dairy and beef cattle

Byrne

McBride

Graham

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, remains a persistent problem for cattle industries in endemic countries. The frequency, quality, and performance of tests, and the presence of wildlife reservoirs, have been identified as impediments to eradication. Recently, exposure to helminth infection (Fasciola hepatica) has been associated negatively with the disclosure of bTB. Here, for the first time, we assess impact of concurrent infections of Fasciola hepatica and the disclosure of bTB at the animal‐level using large surveillance datasets. We utilized a dataset of 138,566 animal records from an abattoir from Northern Ireland (2011–2013). The presence of F. hepatica infection was assessed from macroscopic tissue inspection at abattoir. Multivariable models were developed to assess co‐infection associations with bTB status based on: Single Intradermal Comparative Tuberculin Test (SICTT), lesion, bacteriological confirmation, including either all animals, or only skin‐test negative animals (lesions at routine slaughter; LRS; confirmed nonreactors at routine slaughter; cNRs) or positive (reactors) animals alone, respectively. The relationship between skin tuberculin reaction sizes and fluke status was also explored for a subset of animals with field recordings (n = 24,680). Controlling for known risk factors (e.g., climatic, herd, and individual level characteristics), we did not find significant associations between the SICTT (standard or severe interpretation), lesion, nor confirmation status of animals and their liver fluke status. The only exception was a negative association between liver fluke positivity, and LRS or cNRs, respectively; though effect‐sizes were small (e.g., LRS Odds‐Ratio: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.76–1.00). There was limited evidence of a relationship between tuberculin reaction sizes during SICTT testing and liver fluke infection status. These data do not support the contention that the detection of bTB using skin‐tests or reactor postmortem follow‐up may be compromised by co‐infection at a population level, but the relationship with lesion formation (pathogenesis) may indicate an impact for postmortem surveillance.

show abstract

“…We found significant geographic variation in risk, which has been highlighted previously in Northern Ireland (Lahuerta‐Marin et al. ; Milne et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) co‐infection with bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle: A retrospective animal‐level assessment of bTB risk in dairy and beef cattle

Byrne

McBride

Graham

et al. 2018

Transbound Emerg Dis

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The inability to identify all infected animals impairs the control and eradication of bTB (Lahuerta-Marin et al 2016). In this study, the occurrence of a high percentage of false-negative CITT reactions led to the failure to control outbreaks and the indication of depopulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In this study, the occurrence of a high percentage of false-negative CITT reactions led to the failure to control outbreaks and the indication of depopulation. The parallel use of different in vivo diagnostic tests, such as interferon--gamma for the detection of the cellular immune response (Marassi et al 2010, Lahuerta-Marin et al 2016, and serological tests, such as ELISA, for the detection of the humoral response (Marassi et al 2011, Casal et al 2014) may increase the diagnostic coverage of intradermal tests and reduce the impact of failed diagnoses on the control of bTB (Lahuerta-Marin et al 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

False-negative reactions to the comparative intradermal tuberculin test for bovine tuberculosis

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

According to the Brazilian National Program for the Control and Eradication of Animal Brucellosis and Tuberculosis (PNCEBT), the routine tests for the diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis in the country are the simple intradermal tuberculin test (SITT) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (MAPA), the caudal fold test and the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT). The latter is also used as a confirmatory test. A group of 53 animals from three dairy herds in a focal area for bovine tuberculosis, that were submitted to depopulation in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, were submitted to the CITT. Tissues were cultured and the resulting colonies were confirmed by PCR and DNA sequencing. Among the 53 animals analyzed using the CITT, 32 (60.4%) were negative, 14 (26.4%) were positive and seven (13.2%) results were inconclusive. The CITT detected 11 of the 39 animals with culture-confirmed M. bovis infection as positive. Among the total of 14 uninfected animals based on cultures, the CBT detected eight as negative. Thus, the CITT demonstrated sensitivity of 28.2% and specificity of 57.1% for the population sampled. A total of 24/32 (75.0%) of the animals with negative CITT results were culture positive (confirmed by PCR) and were considered false negatives based on the CITT. The maintenance of these false-negative animals in herds has serious implications for the control of the disease, since they can be a source of infection. The addition of complementary tests could help identify such animals and increase the odds of diagnostic success.

show abstract

“…Samples intended for analysis were taken from cattle selected from Northern Ireland herds that were deemed to have a bovine TB problem and were eligible for inclusion in the IFNγ testing scheme operated by the Department for Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA), Northern Ireland (see 16, 17). Individual blood samples were taken just prior to the inoculation of tuberculins on day one of the skin test and were submitted to the laboratory within 8 hours of collection.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is despite the introduction and widespread use of the interferon gamma release assay (IFNγ; 15) to augment the bovine TB testing regime and to support the front line tests (16). In combination, meat inspection, the skin test and IFNγ tests will identify a significant number of infected cattle, but not all (17). It is therefore important to investigate and validate tests or improved test strategies that will broaden the capacity to identify infected animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of serological antibody tests for bovine tuberculosis in cattle from infected herds in Northern Ireland

McCallan

Brooks

Couzens

et al. 2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1The ability to accurately identify infected hosts is the cornerstone of effective disease control 1 2 and eradication programs. In the case of bovine tuberculosis, caused by infection with the 1 3pathogen Mycobacterium bovis, accurately identifying infected individual animals has been 1 4 challenging as all available tests exhibit less than 100% discriminatory ability. Here we 1 5 assess the utility of three serological tests and assess their performance relative to skin test where one test was used in conjunction with statutory testing. 9Serological tests using samples taken prior to SICCT disclosed low proportions of animals as with TB visible lesions (27%) or with laboratory confirmed infection (25%). As a result, 2 4 apparent sensitivities within this cohort was very low (≤15%), however the tests succeeded in 2 5 achieving very high specificities (96-100%). During the case-study, 7/670 (1.04%) samples 2 6 from SICCT negative animals from a large chronically infected herd were serology positive, 2 7 with a further 10 animals being borderline positive (17/670; 2.54%). 9/17 of these animals 2 8were voluntarily removed, none of which were found to be infected (-lesions/-bacteriology) 2 9 post-mortem; 1 serology test negative animal was subsequently lesion+ and M. bovis 3 0 confirmed at slaughter.

show abstract

Risk factors for failure to detect bovine tuberculosis in cattle from infected herds across Northern Ireland (2004–2010)

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) co‐infection with bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle: A retrospective animal‐level assessment of bTB risk in dairy and beef cattle

Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) co‐infection with bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in cattle: A retrospective animal‐level assessment of bTB risk in dairy and beef cattle

False-negative reactions to the comparative intradermal tuberculin test for bovine tuberculosis

Performance of serological antibody tests for bovine tuberculosis in cattle from infected herds in Northern Ireland

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About