Risk Factors for Gallstone Disease in a Thai Population

Panpimanmas, Sukij; Manmee, Charuwan

doi:10.2188/jea.je20080019

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…In all over the world, Gallstones are two times common in middle age females as compared to men, similar is found in our study. [21][22][23][24][25] As 100% of our patients were married so our study also proves another Study done in Australia, which showed major association between marital status and gallstone incidence. 26 The normal mean values of serum Triglycerides, Cholesterol and LDL found in our study are not in that much accordance with earlier studies of serum lipids and cholelithiasis, which showed elevated Triglycerides, Cholesterol and LDL level but the low HDL values in our study are in evidence that altered serum lipids levels is a risk factor for gallstone formation.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Risk Factors for Gallstones; Is 5 F Mnemonic Still Valid?

Jaleel

Rashid

Bakhtiar

et al. 2017

TPMJ

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ABSTRACT… Objectives: To find out the frequency of already recognized risk factor of Gallstones in population of Pakistan. Methods: A total of 50 patients diagnosed as cholelithiasis on ultrasonography were included in the study. Data collection through interview included age, sex, marital status, parity, height and weight. On the basis of height and weight Quetelet's body mass index (weight in kg/height in m 2 ) was calculated. Data collected also included Lipid profile Data was analyzed by SPSS version 17 for descriptive statistics. Setting and Period: This study was done at Department of Surgery, Dow University Hospital for a period of 6 months from February to July 2015. Results: 70% of patients were above 40 years of age, 88% were female, and 83.3% were multiparous while only 32% had BMI above 23. Conclusion: Female gender, fertility, middle age and flatulence are the common risk factors of gallstone formation while obesity is not a definite risk factor in Pakistan.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Risk Factors for Gallstones; Is 5 F Mnemonic Still Valid?

Jaleel

Rashid

Bakhtiar

et al. 2017

TPMJ

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“…Exogenous intake of oestrogen is known to increase the risk of developing cholesterol GS [25,26]. Though it is considered as a risk factor, such effect has not been clearly evident in some other recent studies too [27]. Presence of low dose of estrogen in novel pills might be the reason for this observation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the type of gallstones be predicted with known possible risk factors?: a comparison between mixed cholesterol and black pigment stones

et al. 2014

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BackgroundPathogenesis of gallstones (GS) is multifactorial and multiple genetic and environmental factors have been identified in different populations for different types of GS with varying prevalence. However the role of the each aetiological factor on the formation of mixed cholesterol and black pigment GS has not being addressed adequately. Hence in this study we attempted to compare known possible risk factors for mixed cholesterol and black pigment GS among two groups of patients with two types of GS.MethodsThe study was done on a cohort of patients with symptomatic GS admitted to the Teaching Hospital Peradeniya, Sri Lanka over a period of 18 months. Clinical and epidemiological data and physical parameters of the patients were recorded and surgically removed GS were analyzed chemically and physically to identify the type of GS. In addition lipid profile was done in all the patients with normal serum bilirubin levels.ResultsA total of 86 patients were included in the study. Mixed cholesterol GS was significantly common among females than males (χ2 test, p = 0.029). Mixed cholesterol GS was commonly seen among patients belonging to Moor ethnicity (χ2 test, p = 0.009). Majority of patients with mixed cholesterol GS had body mass index above 25 kg/m2 (χ2 test, p = 0.018). Black pigment GS were significantly common among patients with type II diabetes mellitus (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.035). Further all the patients with chronic haemolytic anaemia and alcoholic cirrhosis had black pigment GS. Age, family history, Fasting Blood Glucose, dyslipidaemia, lipid profile, parity and use of oral contraceptive pills in females, smoking and alcohol intake in males did not differ significantly among patients in the two groups.ConclusionGender, ethnicity and body mass index can be used to predict the formation of mixed cholesterol GS and black pigment GS.

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“…There has been increasing evidence showing the critical role of metabolic disorder and metabolic syndrome in gallstone formation in recent years. [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Several central obesity indicators, such as waist-to-hip ratio, 12 BMI, 33 waist circumference 34 and components of the metabolic syndrome, including hyperlipidemia, [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] hypertension [35][36][37] and diabetes, 24,25,39,40 have been reported to be risk factors for gallstone.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Large Gallstones and Multiple Stonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and risk factors for gallstone disease: A population‐based cross‐sectional study

Song

Shi

Wang

et al. 2020

J of Digest Diseases

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Objective: To explore the prevalence of and risk factors for gallstone disease in Shanghai, China.Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Shanghai between 2016 and 2017. Using a three-stage stratified sampling strategy, 4009 participants (1753 men and 2256 women) from 10 districts were enrolled. Results:The overall prevalence of gallstones was 6.83% (6.22% for men vs 7.31% for women, P = 0.173). According to the multivariate analysis, individuals aged ≥40 years (odds ratio [OR] 3.058, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.110-4.433, P < 0.001), hypertension (OR 1.479, 95% CI 1.076-2.034, P = 0.016), thyroid disease (OR 1.409, 95% CI 1.029-1.928, P = 0.032), a family history of gallstones (OR 2.234, 95% CI 1.362-3.662, P = 0.001) and a waist-to-height ratio ≥0.5 (OR 1.656, 95% CI 1.197-2.292, P = 0.002) had an increased risk of developing gallstones. The risk of gallstone disease was 2.232 (95% CI 1.167-4.268, P = 0.015) times higher in individuals with elevated C4 levels than in those with normal C4 levels. Diabetes (OR 4.144, 95% CI 1.171-14.671, P = 0.028) was a risk factor for the formation of gallstones with diameters ≥1 cm, and men were more susceptible to develop multiple stones (OR 2.356, 95% CI 1.321-4.200, P = 0.004).Conclusion: Individuals aged ≥40 years, with a history of hypertension and familial gallstones, a high waist-to-height ratio, thyroid disease and high C4 levels were related to an increased risk of gallstone disease.

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Risk Factors for Gallstone Disease in a Thai Population

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Risk Factors for Gallstones; Is 5 F Mnemonic Still Valid?

Risk Factors for Gallstones; Is 5 F Mnemonic Still Valid?

Can the type of gallstones be predicted with known possible risk factors?: a comparison between mixed cholesterol and black pigment stones

Prevalence and risk factors for gallstone disease: A population‐based cross‐sectional study

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