Risk factors for malnutrition among preschool children in rural Karnataka: a case-control study

Ansuya,; Nayak, Baby S; Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran; George, Anice; Shashidhara, YN; Mundkur, Suneel C; Guddattu, Vasudeva

doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5124-3

Cited by 72 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To evolve as a healthy individual, the infant should be continued with adequate and appropriate safe complimentary food along with breast milk up to two years of age or beyond. 5 In the present study also, similar nding was observed i.e. exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months acts as a protective factor against underweight among under ve children from a rural area (Adj OR=0.50, p<0.05).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children residing in urban slums and rural area, Maharashtra, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

Murarkar

Gothankar²,

Doke

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Undernutrition among under five children in India is a major public health problem.Despite India’s growth in the economy, the child mortality rate due to undernutrition is still high in both urban and rural areas.Studies that focus on urban slums are scarce. Hence the present study was carried out to assess the prevalence and determinants of undernutrition in children under five in Maharashtra, India.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in 16 randomly selected clusters in two districts of Maharashtra state, India. Data were collected through house to house survey by interviewing mothers of under five children. Total 2929 mothers and their 3,671 under five children were covered. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was carried out to identify the determinants of child nutritional status seperately in urban and rural areas. Results The mean age of the children was 2.38years (±SD 1.365) and mean age of mothers was 24.25(± SD6.37) years.Overall prevalence of stunting among children under five was 45.9 %, wasting was 17.1% and 35.4% children were underweight.Prevalence of wasting, stunting and underweight were more seen in an urban slum than a rural area.In the rural areas exclusive breast feeding(p<0.001) and acute diarrhea (p=0.001)in children underfive were associated with wasting, children with birth order 2 or less than 2 were more affected by stunting and exclusive breast feeding (p<0.05) and low maternal education were associated with underweight.Whereas in the urban slums exclusive breast feeding(p<0.05) was associated with wasting, sex of the child (p<0.05) and type of family(p<0.05)were associated with stunting,and low income of the family(p<0.05) was associated with underweight.Conclusion Factors like sex of the child, birth order,exclusive breast feeding ,economic status of the family, type of family,acute diarrhea and maternal education have influence on nutritional status of the child. Improvement of maternal education will improve the nutritional status of the child. Strategies are needed to improve the economic status of the community.The trial registration-This article is part of baseline data of the project, hence not related to trial registration. After baseline data principal investigator had done trial registration retrospectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children residing in urban slums and rural area, Maharashtra, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

Murarkar

Gothankar²,

Doke

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In our study finding, educational level of mothers/caregivers and childhood malnutrition were negatively associated in multivariable model. This study finding was inconsistent with studies done in Malaysia, India, and Ethiopia, which stated that mothers/caregivers education has definite and significant effect on nutritional status of children [19,28,29]. This might be due to the fact that even though they have a high educational level, they wouldn't have better practical skills to keep sanitation and hygiene of their children or have no better information to provide an adequate diet to keep the nutritional status of their children.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

The association of water supply, sanitation and hygiene interventions and childhood malnutrition in Kersa and Omo Nada districts of Jimma Zone, Ethiopia: A case-control study

Ne¹,

Gari²,

Ab³

et al. 2020

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Background: Malnutrition is the widely known nutritional disorder and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children in developing countries like Ethiopia. About 50% of under-nutrition around the world is associated with infections caused by unsafe water, inadequate sanitation or insufficient hygiene. However, there are limited available data which associate water supply, sanitation and hygiene practices and childhood malnutrition in Ethiopia particularly in the study area. Therefore, the objective of this study was designed to examine the association of water supply, sanitation and hygiene interventions and childhood malnutrition.Methods: Case-control study design was conducted from December 2018 to January 2019 Kersa and Omo Nada districts of Jimma Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Randomly 126 cases and 252 controls were selected from the malnourished children and normal children, respectively. A pretested, structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the study variables associated with childhood malnutrition and to adjust for confounders. The crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval was calculated to assess the level of significance and reported for each confounding variable.Results: The results of this study showed that children living with mothers/caregivers lack of formal education were found to have 57% times less likely developed malnourished, compared to those living with mother/caregiver who attended secondary and above (AOR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.26-1.24). The odds of having malnutrition were increased among children who were breastfed after one hour of birth (AOR=2.60; 95% CI: 1.02-6.65) and children who had diarrhea (AOR=9.50; 95% CI: 5.19-17.36).Collecting water from a distance of less than/equal to one kilometer (AOR=2.52; 95% CI: 0.56-11.39), defecating in open pit(AOR=1.33; 95% CI: 0.62-2.83),under-five children open field defecation practices (AOR=1.17; 95% CI: 0.42-3.23) and lack of hand washing at critical times (AOR=2.38; 95% CI: 1.07-5.29) were positively associated with childhood malnutrition. Conclusion: We conclude that improvement in the initiation of breastfeeding within one hour, diarrhea prevention, use of improved latrine and hand washing at critical times is needed to improve the nutritional status of children.

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“…Once they were explained nutrients, balanced diet, malnutrition and associated disorders, food safety and hygiene they were very careful with the food given to the children and adopted more sanitary and hygienic practices. Many studies have reported that poor sanitation status, lack of personal hygiene and low socioeconomic statuses have an impact on malnutrition [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are modifiable and non-modifiable factors to malnutrition, out of which the environmental factor is one that can be worked on in a cost effective way. The quality of the future of human resources depends on the children of today [9] we must do everything we can to ensure their optimum health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and Intervention of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children at an Urban Public School in Mumbai, India

Chainani¹

2018

OJPM

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Background: There is a dearth of information regarding trends of malnutrition and weight status in children from rapidly developing economies like India. Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the dynamics of malnutrition in a group of school children from India, and then provide interventions for the children that have severe acute malnutrition. Methods: Children that were found to lie between −3 to −4 SD of parameters of BMI, height for age and weight for age were labeled as SAM. Children that were screened for wasting and fell between −2 to −4 SD were also included under the label of SAM. All participants were also given a prototype 1500-calorie diet to follow for the entire duration and 6 weekly sessions were taken for the parents on various topics on nutrition. Results: Quantitative analysis showed a great improvement in weights and heights of severely malnourished children. The average increase in weight of all children that participated in the study was 9.09% and the average increase in height was 1.39%. The weekly sessions given to the parents on various nutrition topics could be the cause of high compliance to the diet given to the children. Conclusion: Malnutrition is still a very big problem in developing countries like India. Basic interventions like an improvement in diet, education about micronutrients and balanced diet, and food-based interventions in severe malnutrition can lead to a great improvement in the health and development status of children.

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Risk factors for malnutrition among preschool children in rural Karnataka: a case-control study

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children residing in urban slums and rural area, Maharashtra, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

Prevalence and determinants of undernutrition among under-five children residing in urban slums and rural area, Maharashtra, India: a community-based cross-sectional study

The association of water supply, sanitation and hygiene interventions and childhood malnutrition in Kersa and Omo Nada districts of Jimma Zone, Ethiopia: A case-control study

Analysis and Intervention of Severe Acute Malnutrition in Children at an Urban Public School in Mumbai, India

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