Risk factors for mortality among patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a single-centre retrospective cohort study

Anantha, Ram Venkatesh; Jegatheswaran, Januvi; Pepe, Daniel; Priestap, Fran; Delport, J.; Haeryfar, S. M. Mansour; McCormick, John K.; Mele, Tina

doi:10.9778/cmajo.20140018

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common opportunistic pathogens in adult and paediatric populations acquired in both community or hospital settings [ 3 , 7 , 18 – 20 ]. The current study aimed to analyse S .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Structure and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from Invasive Infections in Paediatric Patients from South Poland: Association between Age, spa Types, Clonal Complexes, and Genetic Markers

et al. 2016

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The aim of current study was to examine clonal structure and genetic profile of invasive Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from infants and children treated at the Jagiellonian University Children’s Hospital of Krakow, Poland. The 107 invasive S. aureus isolates, collected between February 2012 and August 2014, were analysed retrospectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, spa typing and DNA microarray analysis were performed to determine clonal distribution, diversity and gene content in regard to patients characteristics. In total, 107 isolates were recovered from 88 patients with clinical symptoms of invasive bacterial infection. The final set of 92 non-duplicate samples included 38 MRSA isolates. Additionally, a set of 54 S. aureus isolates collected during epidemiological screening was genotyped and analysed. There were 72 healthcare-associated (HCA) and 20 community-onset (CO) infection events caused by 33 and 5 MRSA isolates, respectively. The majority of isolates were affiliated with the major European clonal complexes CC5 (t003, spa-CC 002), CC45 (spa-CC 015), CC7 or CC15 (t084, t091, spa-CC 084). Two epidemic clones (CC5-MRSA-II or CC45-MRSA-IV) dominated among MRSA isolates, while MSSA population contained 15 different CCs. The epidemiological screening isolates belonged to similar genetic lineages as those collected from invasive infection cases. The HCA infection events, spa types t003, t2642 or CC5 were significantly associated with infections occurring in neonates and children under 5 years of age. Moreover, carriage of several genetic markers, including erm(A), sea (N315), egc-cluster, chp was significantly higher in isolates obtained from children in this age group. The spa types t091 and t008 were underrepresented among patients aged 5 years or younger, whereas spa type t008, CC8 and presence of splE was associated with infection in children aged 10 years or older. The HCA-MRSA strains were most frequently found in children under 5 years, although the majority of invasive infections was associated with MSSA strains. Moreover, an association between age group of children from the study population and a specific strain genotype (spa type, clonal complex or genetic content) was observed among the patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clonal Structure and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from Invasive Infections in Paediatric Patients from South Poland: Association between Age, spa Types, Clonal Complexes, and Genetic Markers

et al. 2016

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“…Therefore, it is so vital in clinical practice to make use of additional information, e.g. therapeutic success in the treatment of S. aureus BSI is greatly improved through consultation with an infectious disease specialist, appropriate antibiotic therapy, monitoring the effectiveness of treatment using control blood cultures and the employment of (transesophageal or transthoracic) echocardiography in order to diagnose endocarditis [9][10][11][12][13]. Transthoracic echocardiography is particularly indicated in patients with an embolic episode, history of bacterial endocarditis, abscess of the spine or spinal canal, and patients with osteomyelitis [12,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These include consultation with a specialist in infectious diseases, appropriate administration of the antibiotic along with proper therapy duration, and monitoring the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy using control blood cultures and echocardiography (transesophageal or transthoracic) in order to diagnose endocarditis. When these actions are undertaken concurrently, they significantly reduce the mortality associated with BSI-SA [9][10][11][12][13]. Therefore, all of these activities are also components of a hospital ASP, which is closely related not only to the improvement in patient safety and supervision of antibiotic consumption, but also to the reduction of drug resistance [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Stewardship in Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection Treatment—Analysis Based on 29,747 Patients from One Hospital

Ziółkowski

Pawłowska²,

Jachowicz

et al. 2020

Antibiotics

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Some of the most serious healthcare-associated infections (HAI) are highly deadly bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The aim of the study was to analyse compliance of treatment practice with clinical guidelines in patients with S. aureus BSIs. The study was conducted at the Sosnowiec Hospital, Poland in 2019. During the study, 29,747 patients were hospitalized and 41 S. aureus BSIs (only HAIs) episodes were observed. According to local clinical practice guidelines, each case of BSI required blood cultures, echocardiography and control culture after the implementation of the targeted therapy. Incidence rate of S. aureus BSI was 0.8/1000 admissions; the greatest department admission rates were in the ICU (19.3/1000 admissions) and in the Nephrology Department (8.7/1000 admissions). Only 2 patients were treated following the protocol (4.8%); the most common errors were the use of an inappropriate drug or incorrect duration of antibiotic treatment. No patient underwent echocardiography, and control cultures were performed in 70% of cases. The case fatality rate was 7.3%. A satisfactorily low case fatality rate was found despite the poor antibiotic stewardship. Lack of discipline concerning antibiotic use can strongly impact the observed high drug resistance in HAIs and high Clostridioides difficile incidence rate in the studied hospital.

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“…In the United States, the annual incidence of S. aureus bacteremia is 4–38 per 100,000 person years. The 30-day all-cause mortality of S. aureus bacteremia is 20% [3,4]. In the 1940s, S. aureus was sensitive to penicillin, a β-lactam antibiotic that inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan crosslinks in the bacterial cell wall and leads to cell death [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indocyanine Green—Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Reduces Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Drug Resistance

Wong

Liao

et al. 2019

JCM

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin-wound infections are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Indocyanine green (ICG), a safe and inexpensive dye used in clinical imaging, can be activated by near-infrared in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) to effectively kill MRSA. However, how this treatment affects MRSA drug sensitivity remains unknown. The drug-sensitivity phenotypes, bacterial growth rate, and cell-wall thickness of three MRSA strains were analyzed after ICG-PDT. Drug-resistant gene expressions were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and quantitative reverse transcription (qRT)-PCR. Related protein expressions were examined with immunoblotting. Drug sensitivity was further evaluated in animal models. MRSA that survived the treatment grew faster, and the cell wall became thinner compared to parental cells. These cells became more sensitive to oxacillin, which was partly related to mecA complex gene deletion. Skin necrosis caused by ICG-PDT-treated MRSA infection was smaller and healed faster than that infected with parental cells. With oxacillin therapy, no bacteria could be isolated from mouse lung tissue infected with ICG-PDT-treated MRSA. ICG-PDT drives MRSA toward an oxacillin-sensitive phenotype. It has the potential to develop into an alternative or adjuvant clinical treatment against MRSA wound infections.

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Risk factors for mortality among patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a single-centre retrospective cohort study

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Clonal Structure and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from Invasive Infections in Paediatric Patients from South Poland: Association between Age, spa Types, Clonal Complexes, and Genetic Markers

Clonal Structure and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Strains from Invasive Infections in Paediatric Patients from South Poland: Association between Age, spa Types, Clonal Complexes, and Genetic Markers

Antibiotic Stewardship in Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection Treatment—Analysis Based on 29,747 Patients from One Hospital

Indocyanine Green—Mediated Photodynamic Therapy Reduces Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Drug Resistance

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