Risk factors for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a case control study

Abstract

Background: Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the most common reasons for NICU admissions. The frequency of neonatal jaundice has been on an increase since the last decade. Is the increase due to changes in obstetric practice or drugs? There is no definite reason. This study was undertaken to find out any obstetric characteristics which may contribute to the development of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia and which is modifiable.Methods: Record review data from 140 singleton deliveries at the Institute of Maternal & Child Health ,Govt. Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala were analyzed to determine the relationship between neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (>10mg/dl) and maternal characteristics. Confounding variables were controlled by multiple logistic regression analysis.Results: There was statistically significant relationship between hyperbilirubinemia and LBW, preterm delivery, PPROM, breast feeding, neonatal infection, instrumental delivery and presence of GDM and IUGR.Conclusions: By identifying these obstetric characteristics, we may be able to modify them and reduce the need for NICU admissions for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia.

Determinants of Neonatal Jaundice among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit in Public General Hospitals of Central Zone, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia, 2019: a Case-Control Study

“…The result of this study revealed that neonatal jaundice was positively associated with breastfeeding. This was consistent with the study done in Addis Ababa [ 15 ], Southeast Nigeria [ 20 ], India [ 18 ], and Southern Nepal [ 21 ]. This association is due to the fact that breastfeeding leads to substantial elevation of bilirubin levels during the first few days of life by inhibiting conjugation of bilirubin due to the existence of nonesterified free fatty acid called pregnanediol [ 22 ].…”

“…In this study, jaundice was positively associated to obstetric complication. This was correspondent with the study report of Mekelle [ 15 ], Harare [ 23 ], and India [ 18 ]. Birth asphyxia was higher in the jaundiced neonates compared to the controls.…”

“…Low birth weight was positively associated with the development of neonatal jaundice. This was in agreement with the study conducted in Effutu Municipality of Ghana, Central Hospital of Nigeria, Government Medical Colleges of South India [ 13 , 16 , 18 , 19 ]. This might be due to similarity in gestational age among study populations.…”

“…Birth asphyxia was higher in the jaundiced neonates compared to the controls. This was supported by the case-control study conducted in India [ 13 , 18 ]. Neonates with polycythemia were high risk to develop jaundice compared to normal hematocrit.…”

Knowledge Level and Determinants of Neonatal Jaundice: A Cross-Sectional Study in the Effutu Municipality of Ghana

“…This is comparable to the findings of a study conducted in Southern Nigeria [ 13 ]. Our study also confirmed an earlier observation by Menon and Amanullah [ 14 ] and Devi and Vijaykumar [ 15 ] which associated neonatal jaundice with low neonatal birth weight in India. This is further buttressed by the finding of neonates with low birth weight being more likely to develop neonatal jaundice in the logistic regression.…”