Risk Factors for One-Year Mortality in Hospitalized Adults with Severe COVID-19

López‐Bueno, Rubén; Torres‐Castro, Rodrigo; Soto-Carmona, Camilo; Ortega-Palavecinos, Maritza; Pérez‐Alenda, Sofía; Solís‐Navarro, Lilian; Díaz‐Cambronero, Óscar; Martínez-Arnau, Francisco Miguel; Calatayud, Joaquín

doi:10.14336/ad.2022.0424

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Low socioeconomic status after bariatric surgery was also associated independently and significantly with increased susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, in agreement with previous publications of this risk factor in the general population [3,8,10,44]. We found that physical activity after bariatric surgery of at least three times a week was associated with a significantly reduced odd of SARS-CoV-2 infection, as observed in the general population regarding the rates [45] and severity [46,47] of SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Discussion Of the New Findingssupporting

confidence: 91%

The Association of Weight Reduction and Other Variables after Bariatric Surgery with the Likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Frish,

Israel,

Ashkenazi

et al. 2023

JCM

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Background and aims: Although obesity has been confirmed as a risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection and its severity, the role of post-bariatric surgery (BS) variables and the infection is unclear. We, therefore, aimed to study comprehensively the relationship between the extent of weight reduction after surgery and other demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables with the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was performed, utilizing advanced tracking methodologies on the computerized database of a nation-wide health maintenance organization (HMO). The study population included all HMO members aged ≥18 years that had been tested at least once for SARS-CoV-2 during the study period and underwent BS at least one year before their testing. Results: Of the total 3038 individuals who underwent BS, 2697 (88.78%) were positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection and 341 (11.22%) were negative. Multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the body mass index and the amount of weight reduction after the BS were not related to the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Post-operative low socioeconomic status (SES) and vitamin D3 deficiency were associated with significant and independent increased rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection (odds ratio [OR] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19–2.03, p < 0.001; and OR 1.55, 95% CI, 1.18–2.02, p < 0.001; respectively). Post-operative physical activity > 3 times/week was associated with a significant and independent reduced rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 0.51, 95% CI, 0.35–0.73, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Post-BS vitamin D3 deficiency, SES, and physical activity, but not the amount of weight reduction, were significantly associated with the rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Healthcare workers should be aware of these associations after BS and intervene accordingly.

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Section: Discussion Of the New Findingssupporting

confidence: 91%

The Association of Weight Reduction and Other Variables after Bariatric Surgery with the Likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Frish,

Israel,

Ashkenazi

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…Another study found that age and FR were independently associated with adverse outcomes in COVID-19 patients, and patients that survived had more care requirements than non-FR or younger patients [ 37 ]. Another study in a cohort of 368 COVID-19 patients found that age was independently associated with 1-year mortality [ 53 ]. In our study we have not found independent associations of age with mortality, however, we only included patients above 70 years old and inside this age group, mortality was associated with other factors such as functionality, nutrition and swallowing function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Frailty, Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Malnutrition on Mortality in Older Patients Hospitalized for Covid-19

Martín-Martínez¹,

Viñas²,

Carrillo³

et al. 2024

Aging and disease

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COVID-19 hospital mortality is higher among older patients through as yet little-known factors. We aimed to assess the effect of frailty (FR), oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) and malnutrition (MN) on mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 older patients. Prospective cohort study of older patients (>70 years) with COVID-19 admitted to a general hospital from April 2020 to January 2021. Patients were evaluated on admission, discharge and at 1- and 3-months follow up. FR was assessed with FRAIL-VIG, OD with Volume-Viscosity Swallowing Test and MN with GLIM criteria. Clinical characteristics and outcomes, including intra-hospital, 1- and 3-month mortality, were analyzed. 258 patients were included (82.5±7.6 years; 58.9% women); 66.7% had FR (mild 28.7%, moderate 27.1% and severe 10.9%); 65.4%, OD and 50.6%, MN. OD prevalence increased from non-FR patients through the severity levels of FR: mild, moderate and severe (29.8%, 71.6%, 90.0%, 96.2%; p<0.0001, respectively), but not that of MN (50.6%, 47.1%, 52.5%, 56.0%). Mortality over the whole study significantly increased across FR categories (9.3% non-FR; 23.0% mild; 35.7% moderate; 75.0% severe; p<.001). Functionality (Barthel pre-admission, HR=0.983, CI-95%:0.973-0.993; p=0.001), OD (HR=2.953, CI-95%:0.970-8.989; p=0.057) and MN (HR=4.279, CI-95%:1.658-11.049; p=0.003) were independent risk factors for intra-hospital mortality. FR, OD and MN are highly prevalent conditions in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Functionality, OD and MN were independent risk factors for intra-hospital mortality.

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“…The majority of these findings are consistent with those of previous studies of the in-hospital mortality of elderly patients with COVID-19 ( 14 , 16 , 24-27 ). Among studies in the general population, age has been reported as an independent predictor of mortality within 1 year after COVID-19 ( 28 , 29 ). It has also been reported that in the general population, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic cardiovascular disease and active malignancy are also independent predictors of 1-year mortality following infection with SARS-CoV-2( 29 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for the in‑hospital and 1‑year mortality of elderly patients hospitalized due to COVID‑19‑related pneumonia

Georgakopoulou,

Gkoufa,

Makrodimitri

et al. 2023

Exp Ther Med

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by poor outcomes and a high mortality rate, particularly among elderly patients. Since the beginning of the pandemic, an older age has been recognized as a critical risk factor for disease severity, with increasing mortality rates in each decade of life. This phenomenon may be a consequence of a poor previous health status, with a higher prevalence of pre-existing comorbidities and a higher degree of frailty. The majority of studies on the outcomes and risk factors of elderly patients refer to the first waves of the pandemic and the predictors of in-hospital mortality in these patients. The aim of the present study was to provide a detailed description of the clinical characteristics and management of a cohort of elderly patients (≥65 years of age) who were hospitalized with COVID-19-related pneumonia in all phases of the pandemic, presenting their outcomes, and investigating predictors of in-hospital and out-of-hospital mortality over a period of 1 year in this particularly vulnerable population. A total of 1,124 elderly patients (603 males, 53.7%) with a mean age of 78.51±7.42 years and a median Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) of 5 were included in the study. Of these patients, 104 (9.3%) were hospitalized during the period of prevalence of the original strain Wuhan, 385 (34.3%) were hospitalized during the period of prevalence of the Alpha variant, 221 (19.7%) were hospitalized during the period of prevalence of the Delta variant, and 414 (36.8%) were hospitalized during the period of prevalence of the Omicron variant. Overall, the in-hospital mortality rate was 33.4% (375 patients), and the 1-year mortality rate was 44.7% (502 patients). The majority of patients had not been vaccinated or had not completed full vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (843 patients, 75%), given the period of infection. Age, immature granulocytes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, ferritin levels, chest X-ray score, as well as the absence of full vaccination, cough and fatigue, were statistically significantly and independently associated with in-hospital mortality, while age, LDH levels, ferritin levels, alanine aminotransferase levels, CCI, chest X-ray score, the absence of cough and fatigue, and a history of dementia were statistically significantly and independently associated with 1-year mortality. On the whole, the present study demonstrates that both the in-hospital mortality and 1-year mortality rates of elderly patients hospitalized due to COVID-19-related pneumonia are high.

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Risk Factors for One-Year Mortality in Hospitalized Adults with Severe COVID-19

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

The Association of Weight Reduction and Other Variables after Bariatric Surgery with the Likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The Association of Weight Reduction and Other Variables after Bariatric Surgery with the Likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The Impact of Frailty, Oropharyngeal Dysphagia and Malnutrition on Mortality in Older Patients Hospitalized for Covid-19

Risk factors for the in‑hospital and 1‑year mortality of elderly patients hospitalized due to COVID‑19‑related pneumonia

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