Risk factors for positive postpartum depression screen in women with private health insurance and access to care

Abstract

Among women with private health insurance and access to care, the incidence of a positive screen for postpartum depression is approximately 7%. The use of an SSRI did not eliminate this risk. All women should be screened for postpartum depression.

Incidence and risk factors associated with postpartum depression among women of advanced maternal age from Guangzhou, China

“…In some studies, women of AMA have a significantly increased risk of depressive symptoms either during the prenatal period or at 1‐month after delivery compared with younger women . In addition, some medical risks that have been highlighted in older pregnant women, such as miscarriage, stillbirth, and chromosomal abnormalities, have been shown to increase the risk of anxiety and depression . In contrast, other studies did not find a higher prevalence of PPD in older mothers .…”

Predictors of postpartum depression and the utilization of postpartum depression services in rural areas in the Philippines

“…The Postpartum Depression Factors Inventory consisted of items used to determine the different variables associated with PPD, depression, awareness of PPD, and the use of and evaluation of PPD services. It was formulated based on related studies, related literature findings, and a series of readings made by the researchers . The tool included sections on sociodemographic variables of the respondents, pregnancy‐related factors, marital relationship variables, and psychosocial aspects of the respondents.…”

“…Scholars have identified risk factors attributed to PPD among women, which were divided into the following four categories: individual factors, husband/marital factors, pregnancy‐related factors, and psychosocial factors …”

“…Pregnancy‐related factors that help to predict PPD include having more than one child (Mathisen et al, 2013), perinatal complications, a history of pregnancy loss, and the presence of comorbidity during pregnancy . Cross‐sectional studies have suggested there is a greater risk for developing PPD at 6 weeks postpartum among women who experienced unplanned pregnancies, induced labor, no breastfeeding, an irregular intake of prenatal vitamins during pregnancy, assisted deliveries (eg, cesarean section, forceps delivery, vacuum extraction), and multiple gestations …”

“…Various psychosocial variables had been identified to be strongly linked with PPD. Depression among postpartum women tended to be associated with higher levels of daily stress, anxiety, negative life events, low self‐esteem, and poorer quality of life . Other psychosocial factors associated with postnatal depression include being an immigrant, living under mixed/conflicting influences of different cultures, having poor accommodations, and having conflicts with family members …”