Risk factors for progression of brain atrophy in aging

Enzinger, Christian; Fazekas, Franz; Matthews, Paul M.; Ropele, Stefan; Schmidt, Helena; Smith, Stephen M.; Schmidt, Reinhold

doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000161871.83614.bb

Cited by 373 publications

(334 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…24,25 The present results, which demonstrated that marked cerebral atrophy was strongly associated with aging, male sex and WMH, are consistent with those of previous studies. 3,[26][27][28] Several populationbased studies have examined the relationship between cerebral atrophy and cognitive decline. [29][30][31] However, our logistic regression analysis showed no significant correlation between MMSE score and cerebral atrophy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marked cerebral atrophy is correlated with kidney dysfunction in nondisabled adults

Yakushiji

Nanri

Hirotsu³

et al. 2010

Hypertens Res

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The relationship between kidney dysfunction, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), and brain morphology has attracted increasing attention, but the association between kidney dysfunction and cerebral atrophy has yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between kidney function and a substantial degree of cerebral atrophy. A total of 610 consecutive Japanese adults without neurological disorders who had undergone health screening tests of the brain were studied prospectively. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed using a 1.5-T scanner. Using a computer-assisted processing system, the percentage of cerebrum atrophy (%Cerebrum atrophy) was calculated as an index of cerebral atrophy. Atrophy was defined as 42 s.d.s below the mean %Cerebrum atrophy. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the revised equations for estimated GFR from serum creatinine in Japan. Kidney function variables included the GFR value and the prevalence of subjects with GFR o60 ml min À1 per 1.73 m 2 . Cerebral atrophy was found in 25 (4.1%) cases. Univariate analysis showed that age, male sex, hypertension, each kidney function variable, white matter hyperintensities and lacunae were associated with cerebral atrophy. On logistic regression analysis, GFR (odds ratio (OR), 0.64; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.42-0.98) and GFR o60 ml min À1 per 1.73 m 2 (OR, 5.93; 95% CI,) were significantly associated with cerebral atrophy. On subanalysis, GFR o60 ml min À1 per 1.73 m 2 was significantly associated with cortical atrophy (OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.15-9.11). Decreased GFR was significantly associated with cerebral atrophy, indicating that treatment of CKD may control age-related degenerative processes of the brain.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marked cerebral atrophy is correlated with kidney dysfunction in nondisabled adults

Yakushiji

Nanri

Hirotsu³

et al. 2010

Hypertens Res

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“…Clinical interpre tation of brain volume loss in patients with MS can be difficult in the context of these other factors. 48 Moreover, differences in the quality and capabilities of MRI hard ware, and in the software packages used for analysis or processing, can generate notable variability in brain atrophy assessments. 32,49 For the above reasons, caution must be exercised when interpreting apparent changes in the rate of brain volume loss.…”

Section: Focal Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MAGNIMS consensus guidelines on the use of MRI in multiple sclerosis—establishing disease prognosis and monitoring patients

2015

Nat Rev Neurol

413

147

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“…Previous crosssectional studies showed no differences in brain volume between subjects with and without MetS (5,6), but high HbA 1c has been identified as a risk factor for a greater rate of brain atrophy over 6 years in a prospective study (7). For the relation of MetS with ischemic stroke, contradictory results have been reported (8)(9)(10)(11)(12), as well as for the relation of MetS with WMH (5,13).…”

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confidence: 96%

Metabolic Syndrome, Prediabetes, and Brain Abnormalities on MRI in Patients With Manifest Arterial Disease: The SMART-MR Study

et al. 2014

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OBJECTIVEMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors leading to atherosclerosis and diabetes. Diabetes is associated with both structural and functional abnormalities of the brain. MetS, even before diabetes is diagnosed, may also predispose to cerebral changes, probably through shared mechanisms. We examined the association of MetS with cerebral changes in patients with manifest arterial disease. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSCross-sectional data on MetS and brain MRI were available in 1,232 participants with manifest arterial disease (age 58.6 6 10.1 years; 37% MetS). Volumes of brain tissue, ventricles, and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) were obtained by automated segmentation and expressed relative to intracranial volume. Infarcts were distinguished into lacunar and nonlacunar infarcts. RESULTSThe presence of MetS (n = 451) was associated with smaller brain tissue volume (B 20.72% [95% CI 20.97, 20.47]), even in the subgroup of patients without diabetes (B 20.42% [95% CI 20.71, 20.13]). MetS was not associated with an increased occurrence of WMH or cerebral infarcts. Impaired glucose metabolism, abdominal obesity, and elevated triglycerides were individual components associated with smaller brain volume. Obesity and hypertriglyceridemia remained associated with smaller brain volume when patients with diabetes were excluded. Hypertension was associated with an increased occurrence of WMH and infarcts. CONCLUSIONSIn patients with manifest arterial disease, presence of MetS is associated with smaller brain volume, even in patients without diabetes. Screening for MetS and treatment of its individual components, in particular, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and obesity, may prevent progression of cognitive aging in patients with MetS, even in a prediabetic stage.It is increasingly recognized that both the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes are associated with accelerated cognitive decline in older individuals (1-3). Brain imaging studies in patients with diabetes report an increased occurrence of brain atrophy and vascular lesions (white matter hyperintensities [WMH] and lacunar infarcts [LIs]) (4). However, there is limited current literature about the relation

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Risk factors for progression of brain atrophy in aging

Cited by 373 publications

References 39 publications

Marked cerebral atrophy is correlated with kidney dysfunction in nondisabled adults

Marked cerebral atrophy is correlated with kidney dysfunction in nondisabled adults

MAGNIMS consensus guidelines on the use of MRI in multiple sclerosis—establishing disease prognosis and monitoring patients

Metabolic Syndrome, Prediabetes, and Brain Abnormalities on MRI in Patients With Manifest Arterial Disease: The SMART-MR Study

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