Risk factors for recent transmission of<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>

Heldal, Einar; Dahle, Ulf R.; Sandven, Per; Caugant, Dominique A.; Brattaas, N.; Waaler, Hans Th.; Da, Enarson; Tverdal, Aage; Kongerud, Johny

doi:10.1183/09031936.03.00019103

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…21 It seems, based on our findings of this representative survey, that the prevalence of TB is on the rise again in Lebanon as in many parts of the world. This outbreak may be the result of a multidrug-resistant strain of M. tuberculosis, [22][23][24] the economic crisis that followed the devaluation of the Lebanese currency, the disruption of health services, 19 the increasing number of female housemaids from the Philippines and Sri Lanka that might be infected during recent visits to their countries of origin and the overcrowding among the displaced people-all byproducts of the war. Conditions necessary to stop giving BCG include a good control program, good reporting, especially of TB meningitis, and the prevalence of HIV and its possible impact on TB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of the Tuberculin Skin Test in Bacille Calmette-Gu??rin Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated School Children

Sleiman

Al-Tannir²,

Dakdouki³

et al. 2007

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of the Tuberculin Skin Test in Bacille Calmette-Gu??rin Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated School Children

Sleiman

Al-Tannir²,

Dakdouki³

et al. 2007

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…From the remaining 36 articles, 40 records were extracted, since two records were extracted from each of four articles [28,30,36,41]. For the comparison with non-EU data, 15 records were extracted from 14 articles published after 2000 [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79].…”

Section: Literature Searchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant tuberculosis screening in the EU/EEA: yield, coverage and limitations

Klinkenberg¹,

Manissero²,

Semenza³

et al. 2009

Eur Respir J

120

108

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A systematic literature review was performed with the objective of assessing the effectiveness of tuberculosis (TB) screening methods and strategies in migrants in European Union/European Economic Area (including Switzerland) countries.Extracted data on yield and coverage were used as indicators of effectiveness. Reported yields varied considerably between studies and countries. Considering only the 14 studies representative of national screening programmes, a median yield of TB disease of 0.18% (interquartile range 0.10-0.35%) was reported.The data did not indicate differences in effectiveness between the three main strategies: 1) screening at port of entry; 2) screening just after arrival in reception/holding centres; and 3) screening in the community following arrival in European Union countries. The variation seen probably reflects variation in risk factors for TB, in particular the composition of the migrants entering the country.Recommendations include the need for improved data for guiding the optimal frequency and duration of screening; assessment and improvement of cost-effectiveness; access to healthcare for migrants, including illegal migrants; ensuring a continuum of care for those screened; and consideration of screening for latent TB infection with caution. Finally, screening should be a component of a wider approach, rather than a stand-alone intervention.

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“…The first is related to the use of these markers in population-based studies to describe the community pathogenesis of tuberculosis (tuberculosis resulting mainly from reactivation of latent infection or as a result of recent transmission with rapid progression to active tuberculosis) and to identify risk factors for acquiring infection with rapid progression, as determined by clustered isolates (secondary cases) and the features of the secondary cases (2,12,13,21,24). Our study demonstrated that IS6110/spoligotyping and IS6110/PGRS genotyping identified roughly similar proportions of clustered (secondary) cases as well as the same risk factors for clustering.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism with the Polymorphic Guanine-Cytosine-Rich Sequence and Spoligotyping for Differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates with Five or Fewer Copies of IS 6110

et al. 2010

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The use of IS6110 as a marker for molecular epidemiological studies is limited when a Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate has five or fewer copies of IS6110. Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis with a highly polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence located in the plasmid pTBN12 (PGRS RFLP) and spoligotyping (based on the polymorphism of the DR region) are two frequently used secondary typing methods. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of these two methods in a population-based study in San Francisco. We included all patients with culture-positive tuberculosis from 1999 to 2007 with IS6110 RFLP results presenting five or fewer bands. PGRS RFLP and spoligotyping were performed using standardized methods. We determined the concordance between the two methods regarding cluster status and the risk factors for an isolate to be in a cluster with each of the methods. Our data indicate that both methods had similar discriminatory power and that the risk factors associated with clustering by either method were the same. Although the cluster/unique status was concordant in 84% of the isolates, patients were clustered differently depending on the method. Therefore, the methods are not interchangeable, and the same method should be used for longitudinal studies.

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Risk factors for recent transmission ofMycobacterium tuberculosis

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

Interpretation of the Tuberculin Skin Test in Bacille Calmette-Gu??rin Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated School Children

Interpretation of the Tuberculin Skin Test in Bacille Calmette-Gu??rin Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated School Children

Migrant tuberculosis screening in the EU/EEA: yield, coverage and limitations

Comparison of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism with the Polymorphic Guanine-Cytosine-Rich Sequence and Spoligotyping for Differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Isolates with Five or Fewer Copies of IS 6110

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